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DBSCAN Clustering

The document discusses density-based clustering algorithms, particularly focusing on DBSCAN, which identifies clusters based on the density of data points rather than requiring a predefined number of clusters. Key concepts include core points, border points, and noise points, as well as the parameters minPts and ε that define cluster density. The document also outlines the simplified DBSCAN algorithm and its steps for identifying clusters.

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2 views19 pages

DBSCAN Clustering

The document discusses density-based clustering algorithms, particularly focusing on DBSCAN, which identifies clusters based on the density of data points rather than requiring a predefined number of clusters. Key concepts include core points, border points, and noise points, as well as the parameters minPts and ε that define cluster density. The document also outlines the simplified DBSCAN algorithm and its steps for identifying clusters.

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reaz4524
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Density-Based Clustering Algorithms

Md. Aminul Islam Rafi


Dept. of CSE,Jagannath University

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


Outline
 Clustering
 Density-based clustering
 DBSCAN

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


Clustering
Problem description
 Given:

A data set of N data items which are d-


dimensional data feature vectors.
 Task:

Determine a natural, useful partitioning of the


data set into a number of clusters (k) and noise.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Unlike k-means, the desire number of cluster is
not given as input. Rather DBSCAN determine
dense cluster from data point.
 Density is define as a minimum number of point
at within a certain distance of point each other.
 It handled outlier problem easily and efficiently.
Since outlier are not dense hence they can not
form a cluster.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Minimum point & Threshold value.
 minPts: The minimum number of points (a threshold)
clustered together for a region to be considered dense i.e.
the minimum number of data points that can form a
cluster
 eps (ε): A distance measure that will be used to locate the
points in the neighborhood of any point.

This two are the hyperparameter need to tune to use this


algorithm.
Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU
DBSCAN
Core Point, Noise Point, Border Point.
1.Core data point: A data point which has at least
‘minPts’ within the distance of ‘ε’.
2.Border data point: A data point which is in within
‘ε’ distance from core data point but not a core point.
3.Noise data point: A data point which is neither
core nor border data point.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Reachability
Directly Density Reachable :
An object (or instance) q is directly density reachable from object p if q is
within the ε-Neighborhood of p and p is a core object.

Here directly density reachability is not symmetric. Object p is not


directly density-reachable from object q as q is not a core object.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Reachability
Density Reachable :
An object q is density-reachable from p w.r.t ε and MinPts if there is a
chain of objects q1, q2…, qn, with q1=p, qn=q such that qi+1 is directly
density-reachable from qi w.r.t ε and MinPts for all 1 <= i <= n

Here density reachability is not symmetric.


As q is not a core point thus qn-1 is not
directly density-reachable from q, so object
p is not density-reachable from object q.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Connectivity
Density connectivity:
Object q is density-connected to object p w.r.t ε and MinPts if there is an object
o such that both p and q are density-reachable from o w.r.t ε and MinPts.

Here density connectivity is symmetric. If object q is density-connected to


object p then object p is also density-connected to object q.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Connectivity
Density connectivity:
Object q is density-connected to object p w.r.t ε and MinPts if there is an object
o such that both p and q are density-reachable from o w.r.t ε and MinPts.

Here density connectivity is symmetric. If object q is density-connected to


object p then object p is also density-connected to object q.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN
 Simplified DBSCAN Algorithm

Step 1 — Identify all points as either core point, border point


or noise point.
Step 2 — For all of the unclustered core points.
Step 2a — Create a new cluster.
Step 2b — add all the points that are unclustered and density
connected to the current point into this cluster.

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


DBSCAN

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU
References
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=FRKSgYH3Ctc&ab_channel=Prof.SushmaR.Vispute%28LectureSeries%29
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=kG93_zbTzQY&ab_channel=Prof.SushmaR.Vispute%28LectureSeries%29
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETmqmmhMOR8&ab_channel=RANJIRAJ
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-p354tQsKrs&ab_channel=MaheshHuddar

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


Q&A

Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU


Aminul Islam Rafi, CSE,JnU

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