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Lecture 3 Von-Neumann-Architecture

The Von Neumann Architecture, proposed by John Von Neumann in 1945, is a design model for stored programs that integrates data and program storage in the same memory. Key components include the Central Processing Unit (CPU), which consists of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit, as well as registers and memory units. This architecture remains foundational in modern computing due to its advantages in cost and efficiency for various computer systems.

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2 views17 pages

Lecture 3 Von-Neumann-Architecture

The Von Neumann Architecture, proposed by John Von Neumann in 1945, is a design model for stored programs that integrates data and program storage in the same memory. Key components include the Central Processing Unit (CPU), which consists of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit, as well as registers and memory units. This architecture remains foundational in modern computing due to its advantages in cost and efficiency for various computer systems.

Uploaded by

junaid.ssc
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Von Neumann Architecture

Von Neumann Architecture


Contents:
 Introduction
 Backgroud History
 Features Of Von Neumann Architecture
 Advantages
 References

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Introduction
 Von Neumann Architecture was first published by John

Von Neumann in 1945.

 The Von Neumann Architecture which is also known as

the Von Neumann Model, is a design model for stored


programs.

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 The most important feature is the Memory that can holds Data

and Program.
 His computer architecture design consists of a Control Unit,

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Memory Unit, Registers


and Inputs/Outputs.
 Von Neumann Architecture is based on the stored-program

computer concept, where instruction data and program data are


stored in the same memory. This design is still used in most
computers produced today.

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Von Neumann
5 Architecture
Background History:
 In 1945, the mathematician and physician John Von

Neumann wrote a report on the stored program concept,


known as the First Draft of a Report on Electronic
Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC).
 In 1945, just after the World War, John Von Neumann

proposed to build a more flexible computer.


 The new idea was that not only the data should be stored in

memory but the program processing that data should also


be stored in the same memory.

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Features Of Von Neumann Architecture:

Central Processing Unit:


 CPU is the abbreviation for central processing unit.

Sometimes referred to simply as the central processor, but


more commonly called processor.
 CPU is the brain of the computer where all computations

take place. In terms of computing power, the CPU is the


most important element of the computer system.

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o It is a set of electronic circuitry that executes the
stored program instructions.
o Components of CPU are

o ALU (Airthematic and logic Unit)

o CU (Control Unit).

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Arithematic and Logic Unit:

 ALU is a digital circuit used to perform airthematic and logic

operations.
 ALU perform basic airthematic and logic operations.

 Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division come under

Airthematic operations
 While Logical AND,OR and XOR come under logical operations.

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Control Unit:
 This section is the boss of the CPU and coordinates all activity

within the CPU.


 The Control Unit controls

 The operation of the computer’s ALU,

 Memory and input/output devices,

 Telling them how to respond to the program instructions it has just

read and interpreted from the memory unit.

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Registers:

 Registers are high speed storage areas in the CPU.

 All data must be stored in a register before it can


be processed.

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Memory Holds the memory location of
MAR Address data that needs to be accessed.
Register
Memory Holds data that is
MDR/MBR Data/Buffer being transferred to or
Register from
memory.
Accumulator Where intermediate
AC airthematic and logic
results are stored.
Program Contains the address of the
PC Counter next instruction to be
executed.
Current Contains the current
CIR Instruction instruction during
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Register processing.
Memory Unit:

 In computing, Memory refers to a physical used to store programs

or data on the temporary or permanent basis for use in a computer.


 Main memory is divided into two parts

 RAM

 ROM.

13
Advantages Of Von Neumann
Architecture:

 Development of Control Unit is cheaper and faster.

 It is better for desktop computers, laptops, workstations and

high performance computers.


 Easy memory organization for the user.

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System Bus Architecture

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Assignment
Your task is to conduct a comprehensive comparison between the
microprocessor architectures of Intel Core i3, i5, and i7 processors. Key
Points to Consider
• Architecture Overview
• Core Configuration:
• Clock Speeds and Turbo Boost.
• Cache Memory
• Integrated Graphics (if applicable.
• Power Consumption and Thermal Design
• Performance Benchmarks.

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References:
 Rugged EmbeddedSystems,1stEdition , Computingin
Harsh Environments.(book)
 https://www.slideshare.net/JawadFarooqi/von-neumann-

architect.ure-26412738.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Von_Neumann_architecture.
 https://www.computerscience.gcse.guru/theory/von-

neumann-architecture.

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