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Chapter 1 - Introduction to Programming Languages and FlowCharts

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0 views19 pages

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Programming Languages and FlowCharts

Uploaded by

anhle.31241027942
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Programming Languages
and FlowCharts
Outline

● Introduction to Programming Languages

● Introduction to Python

● Introduction to FlowCharts

● Practice with FlowCharts


Programming
Languages
Programming Languages

Figure: The ENIAC (1945)


Programming Languages

Figure: Binary 0-1 Figure: Assembly (Low Level Programming Language)


Overview Programming Languages
Definition of Programming Language

A Programming language is a set of symbols, grammars and


rules with the help of which one is able to translate algorithms
to programs that will be executed by the computer.
Introduction to Python

● Invented in the Netherlands, early 90s by Guido


van Rossum
● Open sourced from the beginning
● Scalable, object oriented and functional from the
beginning
● Easy to Learn
Introduction to Python
Syntax in Python3

- Just like when creating Word documents (with


extensions .doc, .docx) or Excel files (.xls, .xlsx), in Python, the file
extension for scripts is .py.
- Python statements are defined by line breaks and indentation.
Therefore, each line in a Python 3 file represents a single statement,
and if left empty, it will not be executed.

Correct
print(“hello world")
print(“Hello world")
Incorrect
print(“Hello world")print(“hello world")
Install Python3
Flow Charts

A flowchart is a diagram that depicts a process, system or computer


algorithm.

Figure: Pizza Figure: Development flowchart


flowchart
Flow Charts
Symbol Name Function

Start/End An oval represents start/end


point

Arrows A line is a connector that


shows relationships between
the representative shapes.

Input/Output A parallelogram represents


input or output

Process A rectangle represents a


process

Decision A diamond indicates a


decision.
Flow Charts
Read 2 numbers A, B. Returns sum of them.

Following steps:

● Step 1: Read A, B
● Step 2: Calculate Sum
● Step 3: Print Sum

For example, the flowchart shows the sum


with A=529, B=256.
Flow Charts

In a business, we encounter either profit or loss depending on the


relationship between income and cost. Develop an algorithm to determine
whether the business results in a profit or a loss and calculate the
respective value. Assume the input includes the income and cost of the
product.
Flow Charts
Flow Charts
Flow Charts - Exercises
- Login Process: Start -> Enter username and password -> Verify
information -> Successful login or failed login.

- Finding the Largest of Two Numbers: Start -> Enter two numbers -
> Compare the numbers -> Display the result -> End.

- Prime Number Check: Start -> Enter a number -> Check the
condition -> Result: Prime number or not -> End.

- Student Grading System: Check student's mark with following rules:


● Marks >= 90: Grade A
● Marks >= 75: Grade B
● Marks >= 50: Grade C
● Marks < 50: Fail
Thank you for
listening

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