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Keys - Class

Keys are machine elements that prevent relative rotational movement between a shaft and mounted parts, typically made of mild steel for durability. They are classified into saddle keys and sunk keys, with various types such as hollow saddle keys, flat saddle keys, taper keys, and feather keys, each serving specific applications. Spline shafts and woodruff keys are also mentioned as alternatives for enhanced functionality in machinery.

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13 views24 pages

Keys - Class

Keys are machine elements that prevent relative rotational movement between a shaft and mounted parts, typically made of mild steel for durability. They are classified into saddle keys and sunk keys, with various types such as hollow saddle keys, flat saddle keys, taper keys, and feather keys, each serving specific applications. Spline shafts and woodruff keys are also mentioned as alternatives for enhanced functionality in machinery.

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228w1a0336
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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KEYS

Keys are the machine elements used to prevent relative rotational


movement between a shaft and the parts mounted on it, such as
pulleys, gears, wheels etc….

A metal piece inserted between a shaft and wheel hub in an axial


direction to prevent their relative motion is known as key.

Keys are generally made of mild steel as they are subjected to shearing
and torsional stresses.

Keys are temporary fasteners as they can be removed easily.

Classification of keys

Keys are classified into 3 types

1. saddle keys
2. sunk keys
Saddle keys
 saddle keys are simply mounted on the shaft and fitted
in the recess provided in the hub of the wheel.

 So in this case no key way is necessary in the shaft.

 These saddle keys are used for low power transmission.

 TYPES:
1. hollow saddle key
2. flat saddle key
Hollow saddle key
 The lower surface of this key is hollow to fit on the curved surface of the shaft.

 The keyway is only cut in the hub of the wheel.

 The relative rotation is prevented by friction between the key and the shaft.

 Therefore this key is suitable only when power transmission is small.


FLAT SADDLE KEY
In this key the lower surface is flat and fits on the flat surface on the shaft.

This key gives more secured fastening than that of hollow saddle key.

hence it can transmit greater power when compared to hollow saddle key
SUNK KEYS
When a key is inserted in the groove cut in the shaft as well as in
the hub of the pulley, the key is called as sunk key.

In these sunk keys generally half of the thickness of the key fits
into the shaft keyway and the remaining half in the hub keyway

These keys are used for heavy duty, as the fit between the key
and
shaft is positive.

TYPES
1. Taper keys
2. Parallel or feather keys
3. Woodruff keys

TAPER SUNK KEY
Taper sunk keys are square or rectangular in cross section, uniform in width
but tapered in thickness.
 A standard taper of 1 in 100 is given on the upper surface only.
 The lower surface of the key is kept straight
 The thickness of the keyway is to be measured at the larger end.
KEY WITH GIB HEAD
The rectangular taper sunk key is often provided with a gib head, so that it can
be easily taken out from the keyway.

In this type of key the gib head can be easily taken out from the key way by
forcing a wedge between the key head and the hub of the wheel.

this type of key is used when the connected parts are to be separated
occasionally for the purpose of repair or maintenance
KEY WITH GIB HEAD
PARALLEL SUNK KEY
It can be rectangular or square in cross section and is uniform in width and
Thickness through out its length.

These keys are generally used when parts mounted are required to slide along the
shaft, permitting relative axial movement.
PARALLEL SUNK KEY
FEATHER KEYS
A feather key is a particular type of parallel sunk key used to assemble such shafts
And wheels which require axial movement in additional to usual rotary motion.

E.g.: drilling machines, spindles and clutches.

TYPES OF FEATHER KEYS:

1. Peg feather key : In this key a projection known as peg is provided at the
middle of the key. The peg fits into a hole in the hub of the sliding member.
Once placed in position the key and the mounting move axially as one unit.

2. Single headed feather key : In this, the key is provided with a head at one
end. The head is screwed to the hub of the part mounted on the shaft.

3. Double headed feather key : in this the key is provided with heads on both
ends. These heads prevent the axial movement of the key in the hub. Once
placed in position , the key and mounting move as one unit.
FEATHER KEYS
SPLINED SHAFT
 When the failure of a single key would cause inconvenience, it is a common
practice to use spline shaft.
 Spline shaft has splines on its periphery which are formed by cutting a number
of equally spaced grooves of uniform depth.
 Spline shaft is used in driving wheel of a motor vehicle.
WOODRUFF KEY
 This is a type of sunk key in the form of segment of a circular disc of uniform
thickness.
 It fits into a slot of corresponding form cut in the shaft so that the flat portion projects
outside the shaft.
 This projected portion fits into the key way cut in the hub of the wheel.
 Woodruff key is largely used in machine tools and automobiles
ROUND KEYS
 Keys are of circular cross section are called as round keys.
 These keys can be regular or tapered
 A round key fits in the hole drilled partly in the shaft and partly in the hub.
 Round keys are generally used for light duty, where the loads are not
considerable.

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