Personal Communication
System
LPU
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Cellular System vs. Personal
Communication System/Network
(PCS/PCN)
Personal Communication Services [PCS] is a system,
very similar to Cellular Phone Service with great
emphasis on personal services (such as Paging,
Caller ID, and E-mail) and mobility
PCS can be defined in a broader sense as a set of
capabilities that allows some combination of
personal mobility and service management.
Originated in UK, to improve its competitiveness in
the field
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PCS has smaller Cell size, therefore,
requires more infra-structure
PCS works in 1.85-1.99 GHz band
PCS uses TDMA Technology but with
200 KHz Channel Bandwidth with
eight time-slots[as compared to 30
KHz and 3 time-slots used by Digital
Cellular Phone System IS-54/IS-136]
GSM and Cellular Digital Packet
Data[CDPD] also use PCS Tech.
Personal Communication System
(PCS)
PCS refers to variety of wireless access (communication) and personal
mobility services provided through a small terminal at any place, and in
any form.
Business opportunities (E-commerce) for such services are tremendous,
since every person, every organization, etc., could be equipped.
Several PCS systems have been developed to meet rapid growth
prompted by market demand. Most of them are connected to Public
Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) to integrate with the wired service.
Two of the most popular PCS systems are:
Cellular telephony
Cordless and low-tier PCS telephony
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Personal communications services (PCSs)
PCS/PCN:
PCS calls for more personalized services whereas
PCN refers to Wireless Networking Concept-any
person, anywhere, anytime can make a call using PC.
PCS and PCN terms are sometime used
interchangeably. In Europe, the term "personal
communication networks (PCNs)" is used instead of
PCS.
Form objectives for third-generation wireless
PCS handsets low power, small and light
Provide a limited range & mobility within Urban
Centers
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Personal Communication System (PCS)
A system where wired and wireless networks are integrated for
establishing communication.
PSTN
AC HLR
VLR MSC (MTSO) MSC (MTSO)
EIR
MS BS MS Wireless component
PSTN: Public Switched Network.
MSC: Mobile Switching Center. Also called MTSO
(Mobile Telephone Switching Office).
BS: Base Station.
MS: Mobile Station. Also called MU (Mobile Unit)
or Mobile Host (MH).
HLR: Home Location Register.
VLR: Visitor Location Register.
EIR: Equipment Identify Register.
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AC: Access Chanel.
Types of Wireless
Connections
The types of networks are defined on the bases of their size
(that is the number of machines), their range and the
speed of data transfer.
1.Wireless PAN - Personal area network Wireless
Personal Area Networks
Such networks interconnect devices in small premises
usually within the reach of a person for example invisible
infra red light and Bluetooth radio interconnects a
headphone to a laptop by the virtue of WPAN.
With the installation of Wi-Fi into customer electronic
devices the Wi-Fi PANs are commonly encountered.
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2. Wireless LAN - Local Area Network
The simplest wireless distribution method that is
used for interlinking two or more devices providing
a connection to wider internet through an access
point.
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(OFDM )or spread-spectrum technologies give
clients freedom to move within a local coverage
area while remaining connected to the LAN.
LAN’s data transfer speed is typically 10 Mbps for
Ethernet and 1 Gbps for Gigabit Ethernet. Such
networks could accommodate as many as hundred
or even one thousand users.
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WLAN (cont…)
wireless LANs (WLANs) are being deployed in offices.
Most WLANs are compatible with Ethernet, and hence,
there is no need for protocol conversion.
The IEEE has standardized 802.11 protocols to support
WLANs media access.
A radio base station can be installed in a network to
serve multiple wireless hosts over 100-200 m. A host
(for example, a laptop) can be wirelessly enabled by
installing a wireless adapter and the appropriate
communication driver.
A user can perform all network-related functions as long
as he or she is within the coverage area of the radio
base station. This gives the user the capability to
perform work beyond his or her office space.
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A WLAN with an Ethernet
wired backbone.
Several overlapping radio
cells can be used to provide
wireless connectivity over a
desired region.
If a wireless host migrates
from one radio cell to
another within the same
subnet, then there is no
handoff.
It is basically bridging, since
the host's packet will
eventually be broadcast
onto the same Ethernet
backbone.
WLANs support existing TCP /IP-based
10 applications.
3. Wireless MAN - Metropolitan Area Networks
The wireless network that is used to connect at
high speed multiple wireless LANs that are
geographically close (situates anywhere in a few
dozen kilometers).
The network allows two or more nodes to
communicate with each other as if they belong to
the same LAN.
The set up makes use of routers or switches for
connecting with high-speed links such as fiber
optic cables.
WiMAX described as 802.16 standard by the IEEE
is a type of WMAN.
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4. Wireless WAN
WAN is the wireless network that usually covers
large outdoor areas. The speed on such network
depends on the cost of connection that increases
with increasing distance.
The technology could be used for interconnecting
the branch offices of a business or public internet
access system. Developed on 2.4GHz band these
systems usually contain access points, base station
gateways and wireless bridging relays.
Their connectivity with renewable source of energy
makes them stand alone systems. The most
commonly available WAN is internet.
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