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Fundamentals of Programming

The document outlines the fundamentals of programming with a focus on Java, covering essential concepts such as computer systems, programming languages, and operating systems. It highlights the features and advantages of Java, including its ease of use, reliability, security, and platform independence. Additionally, it provides guidance on system requirements and installation of the Java Development Kit (JDK) and NetBeans IDE for programming.

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6 views

Fundamentals of Programming

The document outlines the fundamentals of programming with a focus on Java, covering essential concepts such as computer systems, programming languages, and operating systems. It highlights the features and advantages of Java, including its ease of use, reliability, security, and platform independence. Additionally, it provides guidance on system requirements and installation of the Java Development Kit (JDK) and NetBeans IDE for programming.

Uploaded by

montibonelenizelbitio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamenta

ls of
Programmin
g
CCE 109/L
What to expect from this subject:

• This subject is the foundation of programming.


• Learn the fundamentals of programming using Java as the
programming language.
• Application to be used: Netbeans (for those with
desktop/laptop computers)
• Any Mobile-based application where you can program using
Java as programming language.
Objectives:

• Understand the basic components of a computer system:


hardware and software, high-level languages and compilation,
Java’s place among programming languages, and the concept
of an algorithm.
Computer

• A computer is an electronic device that stores and processes


data. It includes both hardware and software.
• In general, hardware comprises the visible, physical elements
of the computer, and software provides the invisible
instructions that control the hardware and make it perform
specific tasks.
• Writing instructions for computers to perform is called
computer programming.
Programs

• Computer programs, known as software, are instructions to the


computer, telling it what to do.
• Computers do not understand human languages, so you need
to use computer languages in computer programs.
• Programming is the creation of a program that is executable by
a computer and performs the required tasks.
Programming Languages

• Among the more than one hundred high-level languages, the


following are well known:
■ COBOL (COmmon Business Oriented Language)
■ FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation)
■ BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)
■ Pascal (named for Blaise Pascal)
Programming Languages

■ Ada (named for Ada Lovelace)


■ C (developed by the designer of B)
■ Visual Basic (Basic-like visual language developed by
Microsoft)
■ Delphi (Pascal-like visual language developed by Borland)
■ C++ (an object-oriented language, based on C)
■ C# (a Java-like language developed by Microsoft)
Operating Systems

• The operating system (OS) is the most important program that


runs on a computer, which manages and controls a computer’s
activities.
• The popular operating systems are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS,
and Linux.
• Application programs, such as a Web browser or a word
processor, cannot run without an operating system.
•
Operating Systems

• The major tasks of an operating system are:


■ Controlling and monitoring system activities
■ Allocating and assigning system resources
■ Scheduling operations
What is Java?

• Java is a computer programming


language.
• It enables programmers to write
computer instructions using English-
based commands instead of having to
write in numeric codes.
• It’s known as a high-level language
because it can be read and written
easily by humans.
What is Java?

• Like English, Java has a set of rules that determine how the
instructions are written.
• These rules are known as its syntax.
• Once a program has been written, the high-level instructions
are translated into numeric codes that computers can
understand and execute.
• Java is used to develop mobile apps, web apps, desktop apps,
games and much more.
Who Created Java?

• In the early 90s, Java, which originally went by the name Oak
and then Green, was created by a team led by James Gosling
for Sun Microsystems, a company now owned by Oracle.
• Java was originally designed for use on digital mobile devices,
such as cellphones.
• However, when Java 1.0 was released to the public in 1996, its
main focus had shifted to use on the internet, providing
interactivity with users by giving developers a way to produce
animated web pages.
Who Created Java?

• However, there have been many updates since version 1.0, like
J2SE 1.3 in 2000, J2SE 5.0 in 2004, Java SE 8 in 2014, and Java
SE 10 in 2018.
• Over the years, Java has evolved as a successful language for
use both on and off the internet.
Why Choose Java?

• Ease of Use: The fundamentals of Java came from


a programming language called C++.
• Although C++ is a powerful language, it is complex in its
syntax and inadequate for some of Java's requirements.
• Java built on and improved the ideas of C++ to provide a
programming language that was powerful and simple to use.
Why Choose Java?

• Reliability: Java needed to reduce the likelihood of fatal errors


from programmer mistakes.
• With this in mind, object-oriented programming was
introduced.
• When data and its manipulation were packaged together in
one place, Java was robust.
Why Choose Java?

• Security: Because Java was originally targeting mobile


devices that would be exchanging data over networks, it was
built to include a high level of security.
• Java is probably the most secure programming language to
date.
Why Choose Java?

• Platform Independence: Programs need to work regardless


of the machines they're being executed on.
• Java was written to be a portable and cross-platform language
that doesn't care about the operating system, hardware, or
devices that it's running on.
Java As A Features of Java

Tree
Features
of Java
What do we
need to start
programmin
g?
System Requirements:

Recommended Hardware Configurations


• Microsoft Windows 7 Professional/Windows 8/Windows 8.1:
Processor: Intel Core i5 or equivalent. Memory: 2 GB (32-bit), 4
GB (64-bit) ...
• Ubuntu 15.04: Processor: Intel Core i5 or equivalent. Memory: 2
GB (32-bit), 4 GB (64-bit) ...
• OS X 10.10 Intel: Processor: Dual-Core Intel. Memory: 4 GB
What do we need to start
programming?

• Notepad-Text Editor
• Netbeans – this is a JAVA IDE that is open-source.
• Eclipse – also a JAVA IDE developed by the eclipse community
but is already deprecated
What is
Netbeans?
• NetBeans is an open-source integrated
development environment (IDE) for developing
with Java, PHP, C++, and other programming
languages.
• NetBeans is also referred to as a platform of
modular components used for developing Java
desktop applications.
Java World Wide Web and Beyond

• Java has become enormously popular. Its rapid rise and wide
acceptance can be traced to its design characteristics,
particularly its promise that you can write a program once and
run it anywhere.
• As stated by Sun, Java is simple, object oriented, distributed,
interpreted, robust, secure, architecture neutral, portable, high
performance, multithreaded, and dynamic.
Where Do I Start?

• To get started, download and install the


Java Development Kit (JDK), and the latest NetBeans IDE.
• The Java Development Kit (JDK) contains all the tools you need
to compile code and run your newly written applications.
• The NetBeans IDE (integrated development environment) is an
optional software utility that makes all these tools more easily
accessible.
Where Do I Start?

• Download and install Netbeans.


• Download site:
https://netbeans.apache.org/download/index.html
How do I know if JDK is installed?

• On your command prompt window terminal type:


“java -version“
Download JDK and Netbeans

• JDK download site:


https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-downloads.ht
ml
• Netbeans IDE
Installing JDK
Installing
Netbeans
IDE
Installing
Netbeans
IDE
Installing
Netbeans
IDE
Installing
Netbeans
IDE
Installing
Netbeans
IDE
Netbeans
IDE

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