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    Acute Stress Disorder

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    Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is an anxiety disorder that occurs within one month of experiencing a traumatic event, such as a violent assault, natural disaster, or severe accident. Symptoms include dissociation, re-experiencing of the event through dreams or flashbacks, and intense distress. If left untreated, ASD often develops into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Treatment involves medications to reduce anxiety and treat symptoms, as well as psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy.

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    Acute Stress Disorder

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    democratieivan
    330 views17 pages
    Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is an anxiety disorder that occurs within one month of experiencing a traumatic event, such as a violent assault, natural disaster, or severe accident. Symptoms include dissociation, re-experiencing of the event through dreams or flashbacks, and intense distress. If left untreated, ASD often develops into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Treatment involves medications to reduce anxiety and treat symptoms, as well as psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy.

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    Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is an anxiety disorder that occurs within one month of experiencing a traumatic event, such as a violent assault, natural disaster, or severe accident. Symptoms include dissociation, re-experiencing of the event through dreams or flashbacks, and intense distress. If left untreated, ASD often develops into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Treatment involves medications to reduce anxiety and treat symptoms, as well as psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    330 views17 pages

    Acute Stress Disorder

    Uploaded by

    democratieivan
    Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is an anxiety disorder that occurs within one month of experiencing a traumatic event, such as a violent assault, natural disaster, or severe accident. Symptoms include dissociation, re-experiencing of the event through dreams or flashbacks, and intense distress. If left untreated, ASD often develops into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Treatment involves medications to reduce anxiety and treat symptoms, as well as psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy.

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    of 17

    Acute Stress Disorder

    by Lilia Grenier Psychology

    What is Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)?


    ASD is an anxiety disorder characterized by a group

    of dissociative and anxiety symptoms that occur within a month of a traumatic event.
    Traumatic events include: witnessing or experiencing

    rape or other violent assaults; death, suffered a severe injury or natural disaster, or a severe transport accidents.
    The person's response involves intense fear,

    guiltiness, helplessness, or horror.

    What are the differences between ASD and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?
    ASD and PTSD are both disorders that can occur following a

    traumatic event.
    ASD can be diagnosed between 2 days and 4 weeks after

    exposure, where PTSD can only be diagnosed after 4 weeks have passed.
    In addition to the symptoms experienced in PTSD, ASD includes

    symptoms of dissociation.
    If left untreated, ASD is likely to advance into PTSD.

    Symptoms:
    Dissociative symptoms Less aware of surroundings Feeling numb or detached Derealization Depersonalization Dissociative amnesia

    Re-experiencing symptoms

    Dreams Illusions Flashback Intense distress

    Other symptoms that indicate ASD


    Sleeping problems Difficulty concentrating Irritability Inability to do necessary tasks including seeking help Feeling detached from others

    Motor restlessness
    Avoiding people or places that remind him/her about the event

    Diagnosis
    ASD is diagnosed by:
    comparing the patient's symptoms to the DSM-IV and

    DSM-IV-TR criteria
    using the Acute Stress Disorder Scale

    Treatment of Acute Stress Disorder


    Medications Psychotherapy

    Alternative and complementary

    treatments

    Medications
    Prescribed antidepressants:

    Sertraline Paroxetine Fluvoxamine Citalopram Clomipramine

    For avoidance symptoms

    Fluoxetine

    Medications
    To reduce anxiety and panic

    Alprazolam Diazepam Clonazepam Lorazepam Propanol Trazodone Topiramate

    For insomnia and nightmares

    Psychotherapy
    Cognitive-behavioral therapy
    Gestalt Therapy Psychoanalityc Rational-Emotive Therapy Behavior Therapy Group and Family Therapies Therapeutic Writing

    Alternative and complementary treatments

    Yoga

    Meditation
    Music Therapy Hypnosis Hydrotherapy Traditional Chinese Medicine Critical Incident Stress Management Program

    Prognosis
    80% of people diagnosed with ASD have PTSD six

    months later; 75% will develop symptoms of PTSD two years from the traumatic event.
    Clinicians in Norway created a list of symptoms that

    appear to be an efficient prognosis of ASD's developing into PTSD:


    An exagerated startle response Fear or phobia affiliated to the location of the traumatic event The extent of patient's social withdrawal The severity of the patient's sleep disturbance

    The effect of ASD on daily living


    Physical well-being Thoughts of suicide Drug and alchool abuse Isolation from family and friends Difficulty functioning at work

    Impact on the childs school work

    Symptoms and Diagnosis for children with ASD


    Signs and symptoms include emotional numbing, social

    avoidance, sleep problems, school and play failure, delayed development.


    Untreated acute stress in children develops into chronic PTSD,

    other serious psychiatric disorders, and/or developmental cardiac arrest complications.


    The Child Stress Reaction Checklist (CSRC) is used by parents

    and the nurse to identify the symptoms of ASD.


    The Child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index is

    also used to measure ASD responses.

    Treatment for children with ASD


    Antidepressants:

    Imipramine
    Chloral hydrate

    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

    Adjunctive Therapies
    Family-Based Treatments Group Therapy

    References:
    Jonker, Barbara,Acute stress disorder in children related to violence. Journal of Child adolescence Psychiatric Nursing. Apr.-Jan.2003. 25 Nov.2009. <http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3892/is_200304/ai_n9197654/pg _5/?tag=content;col1>. Tull, Matthew, Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD. About.com: Post Traumatic Stress (PTSD). 25 Nov.2009. <http://ptsd.about.com/od/causesanddevelopment/a/acutestress.htm> Gibson, Laura E, Acute Strees Disorder: A brief description. Mental Health Matters. 26 Feb. 2009. 25 Nov.2009. <http://www.mental-healthmatters.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1218:acut e-stress-disorder-a-brief-description&catid=44:acute-stressdisorder&Itemid=2045>. Acute stress disorder. PsychNet-UK. 25 Nov.2009. < http://www.psychnet-uk.com/dsm_iv/acute_stress_disorder.htm>.

    Reference cont
    Acute stress disorder. Encyclopedia of Medical Disorders. 25 Nov.2009 . <http://www.minddisorders.com/A-Br/Acute-stressdisorder.html>. Definition of acute stress disorder. MedicineNet.com-We bring doctors knowledge to you. 9 Feb. 2004 25 Nov.2009. <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=38856> Acute stress reaction. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 22 Nov.2009 25 Nov.2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_stress_reaction> Jackson, Henry M, Guide to understanding Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder. Advancement of military medicine. 25 Nov.2009. <http://www.virtualarmory.com/mobiledeploy/PDHRA/docs/W50258PTS D%20brochure.pdf>

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