Statistics, Data and Types
Statistics, Data and Types
Business Statistics
Abdulrehman Saeed
Riphah International University
Islamabad
§ 1.1
An Overview of
Statistics
Data and Statistics
Data consists of information coming from
observations, counts, measurements, or responses.
Responses of all
students at Union
College (population)
Responses of
students in
survey (sample)
Parameter Population
Statistic Sample
Statistic
s
Descriptive Inferential
statistics statistics
Involves the Involves using
organization, a sample to
summarization, draw
and display of conclusions
data. about a
Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 7
Descriptive and Inferential
Statistics
Example:
In a recent study, volunteers who had less than 6 hours of sleep were four times more likely to answer incorrectly on a science test than were participants
who had at least 8 hours of sleep. Decide which part is the descriptive statistic and what conclusion might be drawn using inferential statistics.
Qualitative Quantitativ
Data e Data
Consists of Consists of
attributes, numerical
labels, or measurements
nonnumerical or counts.
entries.
Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 10
Qualitative and Quantitative
Data
Example:
The grade point averages of five students are listed in the table. Which data are qualitative data and which are quantitative data?
Studen GPA
t
Sally 3.22
Bob 3.98
Cindy 2.75
Mark 2.24
Kathy 3.84
Qualitative Quantitative
data data
Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 11