Scribd
Upload
14 views38 pages

07 Switched Network and Link Aggregation

The document provides an overview of switched networks, emphasizing design principles such as hierarchy, modularity, resiliency, and flexibility. It covers the role of switched LANs in traffic management, features like quality of service, and the operation of switches including MAC address table management and collision/broadcast domains. Additionally, it discusses configuring switches for remote management, SSH operation, and EtherChannel for link aggregation, along with guidelines for configuration and troubleshooting.

Uploaded by

dawit Terefe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views38 pages

07 Switched Network and Link Aggregation

The document provides an overview of switched networks, emphasizing design principles such as hierarchy, modularity, resiliency, and flexibility. It covers the role of switched LANs in traffic management, features like quality of service, and the operation of switches including MAC address table management and collision/broadcast domains. Additionally, it discusses configuring switches for remote management, SSH operation, and EtherChannel for link aggregation, along with guidelines for configuration and troubleshooting.

Uploaded by

dawit Terefe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 38

Introduction to

Switched Networks
Converged Networks
Hierarchy of Switched Network

Switched
network design
guidelines are
built upon the
following
principles:
◦ Hierarchical
◦ Modularity
◦ Resiliency
◦ Flexibility
Converged Networks

Core, Distribution, Access


Switched Networks
Role of Switched Networks

A switched LAN allows more


flexibility, traffic management
It also support features such as
quality of service, additional
security, support for wireless,
support for IP telephony and
mobility services
Switched Networks
Form Factor

Fixe
d
Switched Networks
Form Factor

 Modula
r
Switched Networks
Form Factor

Stackable
Frame Forwarding

Switching as a General Concept


A Switch makes a decision based
on ingress port and destination
address
 A LAN switch keeps a table that it
uses to determine how to forward
traffic through the switch
 Cisco LAN switches forward
Ethernet frames based on the
destination MAC address of the
frames.
Frame Forwarding
Dynamically Populating a Switch MAC Address Table
A switch must first learn which devices exist on
each port before it can transmit a frame
 It builds a table called a MAC address, or
content addressable memory (CAM) table
 The mapping device <-> port is stored in the
CAM table
 CAM is a special type of memory used in high-
speed searching applications.
 When a switch receives an incoming frame with
a MAC address that is not found in the CAM
table, it floods it to all ports but the one that
received the frame.
Frame Forwarding

Switch Forwarding Methods


Switching Domains

Collision Domains
 Collision domain is the segment
where devices must compete to
communicate
 All ports of a hub belong to the same
collision domain
 Every port of a switch is a collision
domain on its own
Switching Domains

Broadcast Domains
 Broadcast domain is the extend of the network
where a broadcast frame can be heard.
 Switches forward broadcast frames to all ports.
Therefore switches don’t break broadcast
domains.
 All ports of a switch (with its default
configuration) belong to the same broadcast
domain
 If two or more switches are connected,
broadcasts will be forward to all ports of all
switches (except for the port that originally
received the broadcast)
Basic Switch Configuration

Switch LED Indicators


 Each port on Cisco Catalyst switches have status LED indicator
lights.
 By default these LED lights reflect port activity but they can also
provide other information about the switch through the Mode
button
 The following modes are available on Cisco Catalyst 2960
switches:
◦ System LED
◦ Redundant Power System (RPS) LED
◦ Port Status LED
◦ Port Duplex LED
◦ Port Speed LED
◦ Power over Ethernet (PoE) Mode LED
Basic Switch Configuration

Switch LED Indicators


Cisco Catalyst 2960 switch modes
Preparing for Basic Switch Management

In order to remotely manage a Cisco switch, it


needs to be configured to access the network
An IP address and a subnet mask must be
configured
If managing the switch from a remote network,
a default gateway must also be configured
The IP information (address, subnet mask,
gateway) is to be assigned to a switch SVI
(switch virtual interface)
Although these IP settings allow remote
management and remote access to the switch,
they do not allow the switch to route Layer 3
packets.
Preparing for Basic Switch Management
Configure Switch Ports

Duplex Communication
Configure Switch Ports
Configure Switch Ports at the Physical Layer
Configure Switch Ports

MDIX Auto Feature


Certain cable types (straight-through or
crossover) were required when connecting
devices
 The automatic medium-dependent interface
crossover (auto-MDIX) feature eliminates this
problem
When auto-MDIX is enabled, the interface
automatically detects and configures the
connection appropriately
When using auto-MDIX on an interface, the
interface speed and duplex must be set to
auto
Configure Switch Ports

MDIX Auto Feature


Configure Switch Ports

MDIX Auto Feature


Configure Switch Ports

Verifying Switch Port Configuration


Configure Switch Ports

Network Access Layer Issues


Configure Switch Ports

Network Access Layer Issues


Secure Remote Access

SSH Operation
 Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol that provides a
secure (encrypted) command-line based
connection to a remote device
 SSH is commonly used in UNIX-based systems
 Cisco IOS also supports SSH
 A version of the IOS software including
cryptographic (encrypted) features and
capabilities is required in order to enable SSH on
Catalyst 2960 switches
 Because its strong encryption features, SSH should
replace Telnet for management connections
 SSH uses TCP port 22 by default. Telnet uses TCP
port 23
Secure Remote Access

SSH Operation
Secure Remote Access

Configuring SSH
Secure Remote Access

Verifying SSH
Link Aggregation
Link Aggregation

Introduction to Link Aggregation


 Link aggregation allows the creation of logical links made
up of several physical links.
 EtherChannel is a form of link aggregation used in
switched networks.
Advantages of EtherChannel
 Most configurations are done on the EtherChannel
interface ensuring consistency throughout links.
 Relies on existing switch ports – no need for upgrades.
 Load-balances between links on the same
EtherChannnel.
 Creates an aggregation viewed as one logical link by STP.
 Provides redundancy because the overall link is viewed
as one logical connection. If one physical link within
channel goes down, this does not cause a change in the
topology and does not require STP recalculation.
EtherChannel Operation

Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP)


EtherChannel Operation
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)
Configuring EtherChannel

Configuration Guidelines
 EtherChannel must be supported.
 Speed and duplex must match.
 VLAN match – All interfaces are in the same VLAN.
 Range of VLAN – Same range on all interfaces.
Configuring EtherChannel

Configuring Interfaces
Switch1(config)#int range fa0/1 - 2
Switch1(config-if)#channel-protocol pagp
Switch1(config-if)#channel-group 1 mode desirable
Switch1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch1(config-if)#switchport nonegotiate

Switch2(config)#int range fa0/1 - 2


Switch2(config-if)#channel-protocol pagp
Switch2(config-if)#channel-group 1 mode desirable
Switch2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch2(config-if)#switchport nonegotiate
Verifying and Troubleshooting EtherChannel

Verifying EtherChannel
 show interface Port-channel – Displays the general
status of the EtherChannel interface.
 show etherchannel summary – Displays one line of
information per port channel.
 show etherchannel port-channel – Displays information
about a specific port channel interface.
 show interfaces etherchannel – Provides information
about the role of the interface in the EtherChannel.
Verifying and Troubleshooting EtherChannel

Troubleshooting EtherChannel
Thank You !

You might also like