Scribd
Upload
14 views37 pages

Matrices Part 1

Uploaded by

melek.richards
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views37 pages

Matrices Part 1

Uploaded by

melek.richards
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

Prepared for Campion College

INTRODUCTION
• A fruit stand owner keeps track of the weekly sales of
different fruits in kilograms(kgs). This data is shown
below:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1. What do the rows and columns represent in
this matrix?
2. How can we use this matrix to determine
total sales for each fruit or for each day of the
week?
3. Can you think of any advantages of using a
matrix to represent this data?
• Matrix - a rectangular
array of variables or
constants in horizontal
rows and vertical
columns enclosed in
brackets.
• Element - each value in
a matrix; either a number
or a constant.
REAL LIFE APPLICATION
• 3D transformations: in computer graphics, matrices
are used to perform transformations such as
translation, rotation, and scaling of 3D objects. This is
essential for rendering 3D scenes in video games,
animations, and virtual reality.
• Image filtering and compression: matrices
represent pixel values in digital images.
• Robotics: in robotics, matrices are used to model and
control robot movements, including calculating the
kinematics and dynamics of robotic arms and other
structures.
REAL LIFE APPLICATION
• Performance and strategy analysis: in
sports analytics, matrices are used to model
player statistics, game outcomes, and team
strategies
• Medical imaging: matrices are used in
medical imaging techniques such as MRI
(magnetic resonance imaging), CT (computed
tomography), and PET (positron emission
tomography) scans.
• The order of a matrix is given by the number of
the rows and columns.
columns
• The size of this matrix is
2 x 3. (read “two by
three”)

rows
3x3 (or square
matrix)
(Also called a
1x4
row matrix)

3x5

(or square 4x1


2x2
matrix)
(Also called a
column matrix)
ELEMENTS IN AN ARRAY
Each number in the array is called an entry or
an element of the matrix.
When we read out the elements of an array, we
read it out row by row.

Each element is defined by its position in the


matrix.
In a matrix A, an element in row i and column j is
represented by aij
Example:
a13
= 5,
a11 (read as ‘a one one ’)
a21
= 2 (first row, first column)
= 7,
a12 (read as ‘a one two')
a22
= 4 (first row, second column)
= 8,

a23
=9
COLUMN MATRIX - A MATRIX
WITH ONLY ONE COLUMN. E.G.
ROW MATRIX - A MATRIX WITH
ONLY ONE ROW. E.G.
SQUARE MATRIX - A MATRIX
THAT HAS THE SAME NUMBER OF
ROWS AND COLUMNS. E.G.
• NULL MATRIX – ALL THE ELEMENT IN
THIS MATRIX ARE ZERO.
• DIAGONAL MATRIX – SQUARE
MATRIX - ALL ELEMENTS EXCEPT
THOSE ON THE MAIN DIAGONAL ARE
ZERO.
• UNIT (IDENTITY) MATRIX –
DIAGONAL MATRIX - ALL THE
ELEMENTS ON THE MAIN DIAGONAL
ARE ONE.
• TO ADD TWO MATRICES, THEY MUST HAVE THE SAME
ORDER.
• TO ADD, YOU SIMPLY ADD CORRESPONDING ELEMENTS
(ENTRIES THAT ARE IN THE SAME POSITIONS).
=

7 7 4 5
=
0 7 5 7
• To subtract two matrices, they must have the same
order.
• You simply subtract corresponding elements.
2-0 -4-1 3-8 2 -5 -5
= 8-3 0-(-1) -7-1 = 5 1 -8
1-(-4) 5-2 0-7 5 3 -7
• IN MATRIX ALGEBRA, A REAL NUMBER IS OFTEN CALLED A
SCALAR. TO MULTIPLY A MATRIX BY A SCALAR, YOU MULTIPLY
EACH ELEMENT IN THE MATRIX BY THAT SCALAR (KIND OF LIKE
DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY).
-3 3
-2
6 -5
-2(-3) -2(3) 6 -6
-2(6) -2(-5) -12 10
Practice
Practice
Question 1

Question 2
Equal
Matrices
Matrices are equal if each
element of one matrix is equal to
the corresponding element of the
other matrix.
Set each element equal and
solve!
Scalar Multiplication:
6x+8=26 10-2y=8
-2y=-2
6x=18
y=1
x=3
Examples: Find the values for x and y

• Since the matrices are equal, the corresponding elements

equal!
* Form two linear equations.
Examples: Find the values for x and y

* Solve the system using substitution.


* Write as linear equations.
* Combine like terms.
* Solve using elimination.

Now check your answer


Class Activity 2
Class Activity 2

You might also like