Presented by

Md Rahul Islam EEE 4/2, DUET

Vice President, DUET Robotics Club
 • What is Robotics?
A robot is a machine designed to perform tasks automatically or with minimal human
intervention. Robots can be programmable or autonomous and are often designed to
perform repetitive, dangerous, or complex tasks more efficiently and precisely than
humans. They can be physical machines or software-based systems designed to interact
with their environment, process information, and carry out specific functions.
1. Industrial Robots
2. Service Robots
3. Medical Robots
4. Autonomous Vehicles
5. Humanoid Robots
 1. Industrial Robots
Industrial robots are widely used in manufacturing and production processes, where precision, speed,
and endurance are crucial. They perform repetitive tasks such as assembly, welding, painting, and
packaging, often in environments that are hazardous or require high accuracy. These robots improve
efficiency and productivity while minimizing human error and enhancing workplace safety. For example,
they are integral to the automotive industry, where they handle tasks like spot welding and spray painting
with unmatched precision.
 2. Service Robots
Service robots are designed to assist humans in non-industrial environments, enhancing convenience
and efficiency. They are commonly used in cleaning, as seen with robotic vacuum cleaners like Roomba,
and in delivery, where they transport goods in restaurants, or urban areas. Some service robots
are also employed in security, providing surveillance and protection. Their ability to operate
autonomously in dynamic environments makes them valuable in both personal and professional settings.
 3. Medical Robots
Medical robots are transforming the healthcare industry by offering unparalleled precision, reliability, and
efficiency. These robots assist in surgeries, such as the da Vinci Surgical System, which enables minimally
invasive procedures with improved accuracy. They also aid in rehabilitation, helping patients regain
mobility through robotic exoskeletons, and in diagnostics by automating complex data analysis. Medical
robots enhance patient care, reduce recovery times, and support healthcare professionals in
delivering advanced treatments.
4. Autonomous Vehicles
Autonomous vehicles are robots designed for self-navigation and operation without human intervention.
These include self-driving cars, drones, and robotic delivery systems. They utilize advanced sensors,
cameras, and AI algorithms to interpret their surroundings and make real-time decisions.
Autonomous vehicles are revolutionizing transportation, logistics, and delivery services, offering
increased safety, efficiency, and accessibility in modern society.
 5. Humanoid Robots
Humanoid robots are designed to resemble and behave like humans, making them ideal for tasks that
require interaction or human-like capabilities. They are used in customer service, research,
education, and entertainment. These robots can perform complex movements, recognize speech, and
engage in natural conversations, enabling seamless interaction with people. By mimicking human
appearance and behavior, humanoid robots bridge the gap between technology and human needs, making
them increasingly valuable in various fields.
1. Input Devices
2. Processor/Controller
3. Output Device
4. Power Supply
5. Coding
 Input Devices in Robotics System
 Proximity Sensors: Detect the presence or absence of objects nearby. Infrared (IR) sensors, Ultrasonic sensors.
 Touch Sensors: Detect physical contact or pressure. Tactile sensors, Bump switches.
 Light Sensors: Measure light intensity or detect specific wavelengths. Photodiodes, LDR (Light Dependent Resistors).
 Temperature Sensors: Measure heat or cold in the environment. Thermistors, Thermocouples.
 Force/Torque Sensors: Measure forces applied to the robot. Strain gauges.
 Gyroscopes and Accelerometers: Measure orientation, rotation, and movement.
 Vision Sensors (Cameras): Capture images or video for processing. RGB cameras, Depth cameras, LiDAR.
 Input Devices in Robotics System
 Joysticks: Allow manual control of robot movements.
 Keypads/Keyboards: Input specific commands or instructions.
 Touchscreens: Provide a graphical interface for user interaction.
 Remote Controls: Send commands wirelessly (e.g., RF or Bluetooth).
 Processor or
Control
 Arduino
 ESP32/ESP8266
 STM32
 PIC Controller
 Raspberry Pi
 NVIDIA Jetson
 Xilinx FPGA
 PLC
 Raspberry Pi Pico (RP2040)
 Output Devices in Robotics System
 Motors (DC Motors, Stepper Motors, Servo Motors)
 Displays (LCD Screens, OLED Displays, LED Panels)
 Speakers
 Buzzers
 Lights (LEDs, RGB Lights)
 Robotic Arms/Grippers
 Communication Devices (Wi-Fi Modules, Bluetooth Transmitters)
 Printers (3D Printers in robotics applications)
 Wheels and Tracks (for mobility)
 Power Supply
 Battery
 SMPS
 DC Adapter
 Direct AC Supply

Driver
 Coding

1. Arduino IDE
2. C/C++
3. Python
4. Robotics Operating System
Coding
 Arduino

🟦 What is Arduino?
Arduino is a small computer you can use to control lights, motors, sensors, and more.
It helps you build cool electronics projects without needing to be an expert in
electronics.
🟦 Types of Arduino Boards:
Arduino Uno – Most popular, great for beginners.
Arduino Nano – Small and compact, fits on small projects.
Arduino Mega – Bigger, with more pins for advanced projects
 Picture of Arduino

Nano
Mega
Uno

Giga
Connection With laptop
Pin diagram
Structure of an Arduino Sketch:

Explanation of void setup() and void loop() in Arduino

Arduino programs (called "sketches") always have two essential functions:

1)void setup()
2)void loop()
1. void setup() – Runs Only Once Example:
What it does:
This function runs only once when the Arduino starts (after power-up or reset).

Used to initialize settings, such as:

Setting pin modes (INPUT/OUTPUT).

Starting serial communication (Serial.begin()).

Configuring sensors or modules.

2. void loop() – Runs Repeatedly Forever

What it does:
This function runs continuously after setup() finishes.

Contains the main logic of the program (reading sensors, controlling outputs, etc.).

Executes in an infinite loop until the Arduino is powered off.

Example:
Hands-On Example 1: Blinking an LED

Hands-On Example 2: Reading a

Button Input
Advanced Topic: Serial Communication

Led Blinking with the Help of the Sensor:

PWM control:

Led Control By PWM

Arduino And Sonar Sensors
Servo Control
 Let’s Go back to Sensor section

Temperature
Sensor Flame Sensor Water Sensor Obstacle Sensor

Ultrasonic Sensor Motion Sensor

Speed sensor
Line Following Robotics System
Line Following Robotics System
Cozmo Clench Robotics System
Humanoid Robots
Industrial Application
 Instrument Source
Old Dhaka Patuatuli
Robotics BD/ Electronics BD/ Techshop BD
Question and Answering Session

Any Question?
Thank You for
Your Valuable
Attention