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Network Devices (Topic 4)

The document provides an overview of various network devices, including Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers, and Ethernet technologies. It details their functions, capabilities, and types of cabling used, such as Twisted Pair, Co-axial, and Fiber Optic cables. Additionally, it explains the characteristics and advantages of each cabling type, emphasizing the performance and application of Fiber Optic cables for high-speed data transmission.

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Suryarao muppidi
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10 views26 pages

Network Devices (Topic 4)

The document provides an overview of various network devices, including Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers, and Ethernet technologies. It details their functions, capabilities, and types of cabling used, such as Twisted Pair, Co-axial, and Fiber Optic cables. Additionally, it explains the characteristics and advantages of each cabling type, emphasizing the performance and application of Fiber Optic cables for high-speed data transmission.

Uploaded by

Suryarao muppidi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Network Device

Repeater:
• It is just an amplifier, which amplifies the weak signals to powerful
signals.
• Signals gets weak as far as they travel. So to recover the weak signal
we use Repeater.
• It has only 2 ports.
HUB:
• It is a Multiport Repeater.
• It is not an intelligent device.
• It can’t take forwarding decisions, it simply broadcasts the message.
• It has only 1 collision domain and 1 Broadcast Domain. It can result in
collisions in the network.
• Half-Duplex Device, fewer ports of 4/12
• Hubs are incapable of processing either Layer-2 or Layer-3 information,
and thus cannot make decisions based on hardware or logical
addressing.
Bridge:
• It is a layer 2 Device.
• It can take forwarding decisions and can create MAC Table.
• It provides connection between two segments.
• It is Full Duplex Device
• It does not have Buffers
• It does not perform error checking
• The switching method in case of a bridge is store and forward.
Switch:
• It is a layer 2 Device.
• It can take forwarding decisions and can create MAC Table.
• It have Buffers
• It can perform error checking
• More Ports
• VLAN is used to segment Broadcast Domain in Switch.
• It can store MAC Table in it.
• The switching method in case of a switch can thus be store, forward, fragment free
or cut through.
• Packet forwarding is done using ASICS(Application Specific Integrated Circuit), so it
is a hardware based.
Routers:
• It is a layer 3 device, which connect two different networks.
• It understands IP Address.
• It is a intelligent device.
• It stores the routes of different network and divert traffic accordingly.
• Cisco 3900, 4000 Series ISR Routers.
Ethernet
• Ethernet is a family of technologies that provides data-link and physical
specifications for controlling access to a shared network medium.
• Ethernet is the traditional technology for connecting devices in a wired local
area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN). It enables devices to
communicate with each other via a protocol, which is a set of rules or common
network language.
• It offers a simple user interface that help to connect various devices easily such
as Switches, Routers and Computers.
• Ethernet has several benefits over other LAN technologies.
• Simple to install and manage
• Inexpensive
• Flexible and scalable
• Easy to interoperate between vendors
Ethernet Cabling Types
• Ethernet can be deployed over three types of cabling:
• Coaxial cabling – almost entirely deprecated in Ethernet networking
• Twisted-pair cabling
• Fiber optic cabling
Twisted Pair Cables
• It is a pair of Copper Wires.
• Copper wires are most common wires used for transmitting signals because of good performance
at low costs.
• It consists of two conductors(normally copper) each with its own plastic insulation, twisted to
form a single media.
• Out the these two wires one is used for actual Signals and another is used for ground reference.
• The twists between wires are helpful in reducing noise(electro-magnetic interference) and cross-
talk.
• This is used in telephone line to provide voice and data channels.
Types of Twisted pair
• UTP:
UTP consists of 2 or 4 pairs of twisted cable.
Cable with 2 pairs use RJ-11(6 Pin) connector and 4 pair cable uses RJ-45(8 Pin)
Connector.
• STP:
Same as UTP but it is shielded to protect it from EMI, this allows higher transmission
rate.
Co-axial Cable
• Co-axial Cables are Copper Cables with better shielding than twisted
pair cables, so that transmitted signals may travel longer distance at
higher speeds.
• This shield minimizes the interference of electrical and radio
frequency.
• It is used in Computer networks as Ethernet.
• The core wire is in centre and is made up of solid conductor. It is
enclosed in insulating sheath.
• The second wire is wrapped around and is used to protect
from external electromagnetic interference(Noise).
• This all is covered by a plastic cover used to protect the
inner layers from physical damage such as fire or water.
 OPTIC FIBER CABLE :
 In this type of cable data will be transfer with the speed of light.
 It can be a glass or a plastic fiber optic cable.
 Commercially we started to use this type of cable since 1980.
 We can get the maximum speed up to 100 Gbps here.

 There are two types of fiber optic cables we have;


• 1.) Single mode fiber optic cable :
• - In this type of cable data will be transmitted in a single direction.
- The area of SMF cable will be 8-10 micro meter.
- We use this kind of cable to transmit the data for long distance.(10 km)
- We can get the maximum speed up to 100 Gbps.
•
• 2.) Multi mode fiber optic cable.
- In this type of cable data will be transmitted in multiple direction.
- The area of MMF cable will be 50-62.5 micro meter.
- We use this kind of cable to transmit the data for short distance in comparison of single mode.(550 meter)
- We can get the maximum speed up to 100 Gbps.
Fibre Optics Cable
• A fiber optic cable is a network cable that contains one or more
strands of glass fibers inside an insulated casing. The center of each
strand is called core, which provide pathway for light to travel.
• The core is surrounded by a layer of glass called cladding that
reflects inward to avoid loss of signals and allow the light to pass
through bends in the cable. No light escapee the glass core because
of this reflective cladding.
• It is used to transfer digital data signals in the form of light upto a
distance of thousands of miles.
• They're designed for long-distance, high-performance data
networking, and telecommunications.
• It is not affected by electromagnetic interference, so noise and
distortion is very less.
• It carries communication signals using pulses of light generated by

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