Wednesday 25th January 2023
Assignment C
Unit 8 – P4
Multiplication and Division to a complex number
1.
2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqr1DtXXHpY
Complex numbers
Learning intentions
E: Understand what is meant by an ”imaginary number”
D: Perform the four operations to imaginary numbers and
simplify fully
S:
What are complex numbers?
• They are made up of a real number…
• …and an imaginary number!
• So what is an imaginary number?
Complex numbers
What are Imaginary numbers?
• Imaginary numbers are multiples of
• E.g. 7
• Complex numbers contain an imaginary
component, and a real component.
• E.g. 15 + 7
Real Imaginary
Complex numbers
Standard form of an imaginary number
z = x + yi
x = real part
y = imaginary part
Adding and subtracting
To add and subtract imaginary numbers, you
need to:
1. Add the real parts
2. Add the imaginary parts
Examples
• Add 3 + 2i to 5 + 6i
• Add 2 – 4i to 5i
• 16 + 7i Subtract 4 – 8i
Multiplying complex numbers - examples
1.
2.
Your turn
Expand and simplify: Challenge:
1. (1 + i)(3 + 2i) 1. (4 + 2i)2(3 – 6i)
2. (3 – 2i)(6 + i) 2. (1 + 2i)(a – i) = 5 + 5i
Find a
3. (4i – 6)(2 + i)
Your turn
Expand and simplify: Challenge:
1. (1 + i)(3 + 2i) 1. (4 + 2i)2(3 – 6i)
1 + 5i 12+16i = 132 - 24i
2. (3 – 2i)(6 + i) 2. (1 + 2i)(a – i) = 5 + 5i
20 -9i Find a
3. (4i – 6)(2 + i) a=3
2i -16
Thursday 26th January 2023
Assignment C
Unit 8 – P4
Multiplication and Division to a complex number
Complex numbers
Dividing complex numbers
3+2 𝑖
=¿
4+𝑖
To multiply complex numbers, you need to rationalise the
denominator
Complex numbers
Practice
• Multiplying and dividing complex numbers
worksheet
Plotting complex numbers onto a graph
• We can plot imaginary numbers onto a graph
• The x-axis becomes the real axis
• The y-axis becomes the imaginary axes
Examples
Plot the following complex numbers onto a
graph:
1. 3 + 4i
2. 2 – i
3. -3 – 8i
Difference between points
Put the following pair of complex numbers onto
an Argand diagram and calculate the difference
between them:
A = 3 + 4i and B = 2 + 2i
Difference between points
Put the following pair of complex numbers onto
an Argand diagram and calculate the difference
between them:
A = 6 - 4i and B = -2 + i
Polar Form
• Complex numbers can be written in different
forms
• Rectangular form: z = x + yi
• Polar form: (r, )
Make sure your calculator is set to RADIANS
Method – converting to polar form
1. Find r (the modulus of z)
r = |z| =
2. Find (the argument of z)
3. Write in the form z = r+ i
4. Write in the form (r, )
Example 1
Convert 3 + 2i to polar form and plot onto a
graph
Here, x = 3 and y = 2
Example 2
Convert 6 + 4i to polar form and plot onto a
graph
Dividing numbers in polar form
1.
2.
3.
Converting to rectangular form
From polar coordinates (r, ) to rectangular
coordinates:
1. x = r
2.
3. Put into form z = x + yi
Example
Convert to rectangular form
Example – in radians
Convert the following to rectangular form
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
P4 - reactances
Electrical impedance
Impedance, represented by the symbol Z, is a
measure of the opposition to electrical flow
Current
Resistance in series
To find the sum of resistances in series, we
simply find the sum of each resistance
Resistance in parallel
To find the sum of resistances in parallel:
Resistance in series & parallel - worksheet
D2 p.347 - example
An electrical circuit has an inductive reactance of (3 +
4i) connected in series with a capacitive reactance of -2j
and a resistor of 15.
Calculate the total impedance and the current flowing
in the circuit if the voltage is :
V = (12, )
Solution
1. Reactances are in series so we add them to find the
total impedance:
Z = (3 + 4i) -2j + 15 = 18 + 2j
2. The current is
First you must convert Z to polar coordinates
Solution
1. Reactances are in series so we add them to find the
total impedance:
Z = 18 + 2j = (18.11, 0.1107 rad)
So =
The current is 0.663A at a phase angle of 0.9365 rad
Solution
1. Reactances are in series so we add them to find the
total impedance:
Z = (3 + 4i) -2j + 15 = 18 + 2j
Worksheet practice
