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Error Control Codes _Linear Block Codes

The document explains the concept of errors in communication, defining them as discrepancies between output and input information caused by noise or physical imperfections. It categorizes errors into random errors and burst errors, and discusses error control codes, which add redundancy to improve communication reliability. Additionally, it outlines types of codes such as block codes and convolutional codes, and provides examples of generating matrices and error detection capabilities.

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3 views

Error Control Codes _Linear Block Codes

The document explains the concept of errors in communication, defining them as discrepancies between output and input information caused by noise or physical imperfections. It categorizes errors into random errors and burst errors, and discusses error control codes, which add redundancy to improve communication reliability. Additionally, it outlines types of codes such as block codes and convolutional codes, and provides examples of generating matrices and error detection capabilities.

Uploaded by

coffeeglass14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Error Control Codes

Error
What is an Error?
• Error is a condition when the output information does not match with
the input information. This mismatch is known as error
• Error is caused by external noise or some other physical imperfections.
Types of Errors
Random Errors or Independent Errors:
• This is caused due to thermal noise or Gaussian noise.
• Here error occurred during a particular signalling interval does not
effect the performance of the system during the subsequence intervals.
Burst Error:
• This is due to impulse noise or noise bursts as in switching and
lightning
• Noise bursts usually affects more than one symbol interval, there will
be dependency of errors in successive transmitted symbols.
Error control codes or channel codes

• Error control codes or channel codes are used to detect and


correct the Errors
• How do error control codes work?
• Basic idea is to add redundancy to make communication more
robust
• Extra bits reduces the net communication rate and increases the
bandwidth requirement.
Types of the Codes
1. Block codes: It consists of (n-k) number of check bits being added to
k number of information bits to form n bit code words. We have
a. Linear block Codes
b. Linear Cyclic Codes
2. Convolutional codes: In this code check bits are continuously
interleaved with information bits. It is having memory
Linear Block Code
Mathematical Structure of linear block code
(Matrix description of linear block code)
Syndrome Circuit and Decoder Circuit
Error Correcting Circuit
• Parity bits of (5, 3) linear block code over GF(4) are given by
c4=d1+2d3 and c5=d1+3d2+2d3. Write the generator matrix and
parity check matrix for this code. Write the code vector for the
message d=[3 0 2] using generator matrix obtained.

• A ternary linear block code has following parity check matrix H.


1 1 2 1 0
H  
 1 2 1 0 1 
(a) Determine the code vector for the message vector D=[1 1 0 ]
(b) How many errors can this code detect?
(c) How many errors can this code correct?

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