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Lec-01 Programming Language Generations

The document outlines the objectives and contents of a programming fundamentals course focused on structured programming using C++ and Python. It includes details on the course structure, marks distribution, recommended books, and the essentials required to write a program, such as source code, text editors, and compilers. Additionally, it discusses the generations of programming languages from 1GL to 5GL.

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4 views

Lec-01 Programming Language Generations

The document outlines the objectives and contents of a programming fundamentals course focused on structured programming using C++ and Python. It includes details on the course structure, marks distribution, recommended books, and the essentials required to write a program, such as source code, text editors, and compilers. Additionally, it discusses the generations of programming languages from 1GL to 5GL.

Uploaded by

saima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming Fundamentals

Lecture 1
Course Objectives
1. To introduce the concept and usability of
the structured programming methodology
2. To develop proficiency in making useful
software using the C++ language/ python.
3. To appreciate the need for a programming
language
4. Improving reasoning abilities to solve
problems commonly encountered when
writing programs and developing skills
necessary to structure programs in a
logical manner.
Course Contents
 History of C Language
 Variables and expressions in C++
 Control structures
 Functions
 Arrays
 Structure
 Pointers
 File handling
Marks Distribution

 Assignments/Quizzes/Attendance
20%
 Mid Term 30 %

 Final Term 50 %
Recommended Book
 1. C++ How to Program by
H.M.Deitel and P.J.Deitel
 2. Turbo C++ by Robert Lafore
 3. C++ by Aikman Series
 3. Lecture Notes
Program

“A precise sequence of steps to


solve a particular problem”
Things required to write a program
 1. Source code
 2. Text Editor
 3. Compiler
1. SOURCE CODE:

• The files you create with your editor are


called source files and for C++ they
typically are named with the
extension .cpp, .cp, or .c.
• The source code of a C++ program is
stored on the disk with file extension .
• Any text editor be used to write and edit
C++ source code
2. Text Editor
 This is a type of computer program
that has an interface, menus,
dialogue boxes and different options
to write your desired code.
3. Compiler
C++ compiler translates a source
program into the machine code.

Machine code is called object code, which


is stored in a new file with extension obj.

The Object code is linked to the libraries.


After linking an executable file with
extension exe is created
Programming Language Generations
Generations of programming languages are categorized
into 5 categories

 First Generation of programming Language or


1GL
 string of 0s and 1s

 Second Generation of programming Language or


2GL
 sometimes called Assembly language

e.g. ADD 12, 8


 An assembler converts the assembly language
statements into machine language.
Programming Language Generations
 Third Generation of Programming
Language or 3GL
 Called High-Level programming languages

such as C/C++, Pascal or Java etc


 Near to English

 Compiled type languages i.e. C/C++,


Pascal, COBOL and Fortran etc
 Interpreter based languages i.e. QBasic,

GW-Basic and Visual Basic etc are 3GL.


Programming Language
Generations
 Fourth Generation of Programming
Language or 4GL
 designed to be closer to natural language
than a 3GL.
 for accessing databases are often described
as 4GLs

e.g.
SELECT NAME FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE SALARY >
$7000
 Fifth Generation of Programming
Language or 5GL
 use a visual or graphical development
interface to create source language
 IBM, Microsoft, Borland etc
 Visual Studio.NET, JBuilder, NetBeans etc.
TASK
1. 1GL was dealing with 3. 4GL was dealing
__________. with ____________.

2. High Level Language is


___________.
 4. What is a
PROGRAM?

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