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Types of Data by Domain

The document outlines various types of data across different domains, including qualitative and quantitative data in statistics, primitive and derived data types in computer science, and structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data in data science. It also discusses primary and secondary data in research, their definitions, collection methods, advantages, and when to use each type. The comparison highlights the differences in purpose, cost, accuracy, and accessibility between primary and secondary data.

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3 views14 pages

Types of Data by Domain

The document outlines various types of data across different domains, including qualitative and quantitative data in statistics, primitive and derived data types in computer science, and structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data in data science. It also discusses primary and secondary data in research, their definitions, collection methods, advantages, and when to use each type. The comparison highlights the differences in purpose, cost, accuracy, and accessibility between primary and secondary data.

Uploaded by

teenapauline
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of Data in Various Domains

Statistics, Computer Science, Data


Science & Research Methodology
Dr. Johny Issac
📊 Statistics & Research Methodology
• 1. Qualitative Data (Categorical)
• - Nominal: No order (e.g., Gender, Blood Group)
• - Ordinal: Ordered, unequal intervals (e.g.,
Education level)

• 2. Quantitative Data (Numerical)


• - Discrete: Countable (e.g., No. of students)
• - Continuous: Measurable (e.g., Height, Weight)
💻 Computer Science / Programming
• 1. Primitive Data Types
• - Integer (int)
• - Float/Double
• - Character (char)
• - Boolean
• - String
2. Derived/Complex Data Types
• - Array, List, Tuple, Set
• - Dictionary (key-value pairs)
• - Object (OOP concepts)
📊 Data Science / Machine Learning
• 1. Structured Data
• - Organized in rows and columns (e.g., SQL, Excel)

• 2. Unstructured Data
• - No predefined format (e.g., Text, Video, Audio)

• 3. Semi-Structured Data
• - Some organization (e.g., JSON, XML)
🧪 Scientific Research / Measurement
• 1. Cross-sectional vs Longitudinal Data
• 2. Primary vs Secondary Data
• 3. Time Series Data – Over time
• 4. Panel Data – Combo of cross-section & time
Primary vs Secondary Data

Understanding Data Types in Research


Presented by: Dr. Johny Issac
Gnanam School of Business
Learning Objectives
• - Define primary and secondary data
• - Identify sources and collection methods
• - Compare advantages and disadvantages
• - Understand when to use each type
What is Primary Data?
• Definition:
• Data collected first-hand by the researcher for a specific
research objective.

• Examples:
• - Surveys conducted for your study
• - Interviews and focus groups
• - Observations and experiments

• Keywords: Original, Specific, Reliable


Methods of Collecting Primary Data
• - Surveys and Questionnaires
• - Interviews (Structured/Unstructured)
• - Focus Groups
• - Direct Observations
• - Field Experiments
What is Secondary Data?
• Definition:
• Data that has already been collected and published by
someone else for a different purpose.

• Examples:
• - Government reports
• - Academic journals
• - Company databases
• - News articles and statistics portals

• Keywords: Pre-existing, Cost-effective, May lack specificity


Sources of Secondary Data
• - Government publications (Census, RBI
reports)
• - Academic journals (Scopus, ABDC)
• - Corporate financial statements
• - Industry databases (Statista, CMIE)
• - News media & websites
Comparison: Primary vs Secondary Data
• Feature | Primary Data | Secondary Data
• -----------------------|---------------------|-------------------
• Collected By | Researcher | External sources
• Purpose | Specific to the study | Originally for
another purpose
• Time & Cost | High | Low
• Accuracy Control | High | Depends on source
• Accessibility | Needs effort to collect | Easily
accessible
• Customization | High | Limited
When to Use Each?
• Use Primary Data When:
• - The research question is unique
• - Accuracy and specificity are critical
• - Existing data is outdated or unavailable

• Use Secondary Data When:


• - Time/budget is limited
• - Exploratory or literature review stage
• - Valid, relevant data already exists
Advantages & Disadvantages
• Primary Data
• ✅ High relevance and control
• ❌ Expensive and time-consuming

• Secondary Data
• ✅ Quick and cost-effective
• ❌ May lack relevance or be outdated

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