NETWORK ADMINISTRATION CNET-443

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4.1 NETWORK MANAGEMENT STANDARDS
4.2 NETWORK MANAGEMENT MODELS
4.3 SNMP MODEL
4.4 ORGANIZATION MODEL
4.5 SNMP COMMUNICATION MODEL
4.5.1 SNMP ARCHITECTURE
4.5.2 SNMP ADMINISTRATIVE MODEL

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The following are the network management
standards in use:
1.OSI Management Protocol Standard
2.Internet Model
3.TMN Model
4.IEEE LAN/MAN Model
These standards are discused in the following
sections.

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It is called Common Management Information Protocol
(CMIP). The silent features of this standard are below.
The OSI management protocol has built-in services,
Common Management Information Service (CMIS).
It
is the most comprehensive set of specifications
and addresses all seven layers.
Management of data communications network—
LAN and WAN.
SNMP is the protocol that is extensively deployed.
Object oriented
Well structured and layered

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Three models are designed for management
applications to manage networks, systems, and
services.

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The major positive points of Internet standard are,
Industry standard (IETF)
Originally intended for management of Internet
components, currently adopted for WAN and
telecommunication systems
Easy to implement
Most widely implemented

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 International standard (ITU-T)
 Management of telecommunications network
 Based on OSI network management framework
 Addresses both network and administrative
aspects of management

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 IEEE standards adopted internationally
 Addresses LAN and MAN management
 Adopts OSI standards significantly
 Deals with first two layers of OSI RM ( Reference
model)

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1.The organization model describes the components of a network
management system, their functions, and their infrastructure. It
defines the terms object, agent, and manager.
2.The OSI information model deals with the structure and the
organization of management information. It specifies the Structure of
Management Information (SMI) and the information database,
management information base (MIB). SMI describes how the
management information is structured and MIB deals with the
relationship and storage of management information.

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3. The communication model has these components.
 Management application processes that
function in the application layer,
 layer management between layers
 layer operation, which is within the layer
4. Functional Model: It deals deals with the user-
oriented requirements of network management. There
are five functional application areas defined in OSI,
namely:
Configuration,
Fault,
Performance,
Security,
Accounting.
These are defined as system management functions in
OSI.
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 It describes the components of network management and their
relationships.
 Network objects consist of network elements such
as hosts, hubs, routers, etc.
 Objects can be classified into managed and unmanaged objects
or elements.
Two-Tier Network Management Three-Tier Network Management
Organization Model Organization Model

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 An information model is concerned with the structure and storage
of
information.
 The representation of objects and information that are relevant to
their management forms the management information model.
 The information model specifies the information base to describe
managed objects and the relationship between managed objects.
 The structure defining the syntax and semantics of management
information is specified by Structure of Management Information
(SMI).

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 The information base is called the Management Information Base (MIB).
 The MIB is used by both agent and management processes to store and
exchange management information.
 The manager MIB consists of information on all the network components
that it manages.
 Manager has both the management database (MDB) and the MIB.
 The MDB is a real database.
 The MIB is a virtual database and contains the information necessary for
processes to exchange information among themselves.

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 This model is associated with how the information is exchanged
between systems.
 Management data are communicated between agent and manager
processes, as well as between manager processes.
 The applications in the manager module initiate requests to the
agent in the Internet model.
 The agent executes the request on the network element; i.e.,
managed object.

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 The SNMP architectural model consists of a collection of network
management stations and network elements or objects.
 Network elements have management agents built in them.
 The SNMP communications protocol is used to communicate
information between network management stations and management
agents in the elements.
 SNMP monitors the network with the below mentioned five messages.
SNMP Network Management Architecture

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 The SNMP administrative model defines the relationship among entities
that participate in the communication protocol in SNMP.
 SNMP have two types of entities,
› Entities residing in management stations and network elements
are called SNMP application entities.
› Peer processes which are used to implement SNMP are called
protocol entities.

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 The application entity residing in the management station as the SNMP manager.
 The application entity in the elements as the SNMP agent.
 The pairing of the two entities is called an SNMP community.
 The SNMP community name, called the community, is specified by a string of octets.

SNMP Community

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 A community profile in combination with the access mode of a managed object determines
the operation that can be performed on the object by an agent.
 A pairing of an SNMP community with an SNMP community profile is defined as an
 SNMP access policy.

SNMP Community Profile

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Thanks

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