Scribd
Upload
3 views18 pages

Computer types based on generations

Uploaded by

Shalaka Maini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views18 pages

Computer types based on generations

Uploaded by

Shalaka Maini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

CATEGORIES OF

COMPUTERS
Advent of Computers
• The invention of electricity led to the rapid development
of computers in the 20th century.
• This evolution of computers can be observed and
classified in different ways.
• Computers can be classified on the basis of four
categories that are:
• Based on Generations
• Based on Type
• Based on Purpose
• Based on Size
Based on Generation
• Generation here means an innovation or technological
development that fundamentally changed the way
computers operate.
• First Generation (1940-56)

• Second Generation (1956-63)

• Third Generation (1964-71)

• Fourth Generation (1971-85)

• Fifth Generation (Present and Future)


First Generation Computers (1940-
56)
• They used vacuum tubes.
• A vacuum tube consists of a glass
bulb and wire. The wire is used to
carry data in the form of electronic
signals.
• These computers were very large,
expensive, and required huge
amounts of electricity.
First Generation Computers (1940-
56)
• ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator)
is an example of a first generation computer.
First Generation Computers (1940-
56)
Second Generation Computers (1956-
63)
• They used transistors instead of
vacuum tubes.
• As transistors are much smaller,
the computers became smaller in
size.
• They also became cheaper and
faster than first generation
computers.
Second Generation Computers (1956-
63)
• UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) and LEO (Lyons
Electronic Office) are examples of second generation
computers.
Third Generation Computers (1964-
71)
• They used integrated circuits (ICs).
• An integrated circuit is as small as
a transistor but it can work as fast
as thousands of them.
• ICs made computers faster,
cheaper and smaller than second
generation computers.
Third Generation Computers (1964-
71)
• The IBM-360 and Honeywell 200 are examples of third
generation computers
A comparison
Fourth Generation Computers (1971-
85)
• They used Microprocessors
• A microprocessor chip consists of
small silicon chips on which
thousands of circuits are placed.
• These computers were smaller,
portable and cheaper.
• They use less electricity and
produce less heat.
Fourth Generation Computers (1971-
85)
• The Apple-I, IBM-370 and Honeywell 6080 are examples
of fourth generation computers
Fifth Generation Computers
(Present and Future)
• They are the most advanced
computers.
• Scientists are trying to
develop computers that can
think on their own.
• This technology is called
Artificial Intelligence or AI.
• Robots will work on this
technology.
A Comparison Chart
GENERATIO CHARACTERISTI
YEAR EXAMPLE
N C FEATURE
FIRST 1940-1956 Vacuum Tube ENIAC

SECOND 1956-1963 Transistors UNIVAC

Integrated
THIRD 1964-1971 IBM-360
Circuits
Microprocessor IBM PC, Apple –
FOURTH 1971-2010
s I
Robots, smart
2010- assistants like
Artificial
FIFTH Present n siri, alexa ;
A Comparison Chart
GENERATIO PROCESSIN LANGUAGES
LIMITATION
N G SPEED DEVELOPED
Millisecond Very large, very
FIRST FORTRAN slow, lot of heat
s generated

Microsecon Needed cooling,


SECOND COBOL, BASIC used for specific
ds purposes only
Nanosecon Not used
THIRD C, C++, Java
ds commercially

Picosecond Required latest


FOURTH SQL, DBASE technology for
s manufacturing
Understands
natural
femtosecon
FIFTH language -
THANK YOU!

You might also like