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The Five Generations of Compute

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29 views11 pages

The Five Generations of Compute

Uploaded by

ummaruzair486
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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First generation computers

(1940-1956)
The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry
and magnetic drums for memory.
They were often enormous and taking up entire
room.
First generation computers relied on machine
language.
. They were very expensive to operate and in
addition to using a great deal of electricity,
generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of
malfunctions.
The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of
first-generation computing devices.
First generation computers
Second generation computers
(1956-1963)
• Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and
ushered in the second generation of
computers.
• Second-generation computers moved from
cryptic binary machine language to symbolic.
• High-level programming languages were also
being developed at this time, such as early
versions of COBOL and FORTRAN.
• These were also the first computers that
stored their instructions in their memory.
Second generation computers
Third generation computers
(1964-1971)
The development of the integrated circuit was
the hallmark of the third generation of
computers.
Transistors were miniaturized and placed
on siliconchips, called semiconductors.
Instead of punched cards and printouts, users
interacted with third generation computers
through keyboards and monitors and interfaced
with an operating system.
Allowed the device to run many
different applications at one time.
Third generation computers
Fourth generation computers
(1971-present)
The microprocessor brought the fourth
generation of computers, as thousands of
integrated circuits were built onto a single
silicon chip.
The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located
all the components of the computer.
From the central processing unit and memory
to input/output controls—on a single chip.
. Fourth generation computers also saw the
development of GUIs, the mouse and
handheld devices.
Fourth generation computers
Fifth generation computers
(present and beyond)
Fifth generation computing devices, based
on artificial intelligence.
Are still in development, though there are
some applications, such as voice recognition.
The use of parallel processing and
superconductors is helping to make artificial
intelligence a reality.
The goal of fifth-generation computing is to
develop devices that respond to natural
language input and are capable of learning and
self-organization.
Fifth generation computers

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