Scribd
Upload
6 views

Introduction to Computer

The document provides an introduction to computers, explaining their definition, uses, and characteristics. It details the types of computers, hardware and software components, input and output data, and various categories of computers. Additionally, it covers the roles of computers in different fields such as education, business, healthcare, and more.

Uploaded by

Ziauddin Zia Halimi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Introduction to Computer

The document provides an introduction to computers, explaining their definition, uses, and characteristics. It details the types of computers, hardware and software components, input and output data, and various categories of computers. Additionally, it covers the roles of computers in different fields such as education, business, healthcare, and more.

Uploaded by

Ziauddin Zia Halimi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

IN THE NAME OF ALMIGHTY

Instructor : Shoaib
“Shirzad”
Introduction To Computer!

 Computer is taken from a Latin word (Compute) which mean to


calculate .
 Computer is an electronic machine which is used for calculation.
 Computer is an electronic device which receive data from the user
process and gives us results as output.
 CharlesBabbage (Father of the computer) – 1837 designed the
Analytical Engine which had basic features of a modern
computer.
Where are Computers Use?

1. Education:
 Online learning and virtual classrooms.
2. Business:
 Online marketing and e-commerce.
3. Healthcare:
 Storing and management patient records.
4. Entertainment:
 Watching movies, listening to the music, and playing games.
5. Communication:
 Video calls and conferencing (ZOOM, GOOGLE MEET, SKYPE).
Continue….

6. Science and Research:


 Weather forecasting and climate analysis.
7. Banking and Finance:
 Online banking and transaction.
8. Government and Security:
 Data store and management.
Who Uses A Computer?

1. Student:
 For learning, research, and online education.
2. Teacher & Educator:
 Preparing lesson plans and teaching materials.
3. Business Professionals:
 Managing emails, presentations, and documentations.
4. Doctors & Healthcare:
 Keeping patient records and diagnosing diseases.
5. Engineers & Architects:
 Designing structures using CAD software.
Continue….

6. Scientists & Researchers:


 Studying space, genetics, and environmental changes.
7. Gamers:
 Playing video games and streaming.
8. Government Employees:
 Managing public records and policies.
9. Bankers & Financial Exports:
 Managing financial reports and audits.
Characteristics Of Computers

 Now- a days almost every one want to work in to the computer to


solve his or her problem. Computer is used that much because of its
characteristics which make it useful. Following are some of the
characteristics due to which computer considered to be so useful
and helpful.
Continue….

 Speed = ‫سرعت‬
 Accuracy =‫صحیح والی‬
 Diligence =‫هڅه‬
 Versatility =‫استعداد‬
 Automatic =‫اتوماتیک‬
 Power of remembering =‫دیاد ساتلو توانایی لری‬
 NO I.Q.
 NO Feelings.
Generally, Computer Has Divided Into Two Types:

 Hardware .
 Software .
Computer Hardware
 The physical component of computer system is called hardware. All components that can be touched and seen are called hardware.
 For example:
 Mouse
 Keyboard
 Monitor
 Hard disk etc….
Computer software

 A logical part of the computer is called software.

 Windows

 Facebook

 Instagram

 WhatsApp etc…
Software has two or three types:

 System software
 Application software
 Language software
Continue….

 System software: Which we use for system. Like (all types of windows).

 Application software: That software which we use for our self. Like (word ,excel,
power point, coral draw. Photoshop and so on …..

 Language software: An artificial language used for the development of software


system. Like (C, C++, Java, Python, PHP, SQL and so on….
What Is Input Data?

 Which we give to the computer for processing.


 Some examples of input data include:
 Keyboard inputs: ( text, commands).
 Mouse clicks or gestures.
 Touchscreen interactions.
 Audio signal: ( voice commands).
 Images or video from camera.
 Data from files: (such as text, spreadsheet, or databases).
What Is OutPut Data?

 The process of which the object or material is ready after


processing.
 Input: Entering data into the computer.
 Processing: Performing operation on data.
 Output: Presenting the results.
 This is the easiest definition of input and output data.
Examples Of OutPut Data Include….

 Text on a screen: ( like the result of a search query or a document


being typed).
 Printed pages: ( from a printer).
 Audio: ( like a sound or voice response from a speaker).
 Images or videos: (such as displayed graphics or video output on a
monitor).
Components of a computer:

 A computer contains many electronic and mechanical components


known as hardware. These components include input devices, out
put devices, a system unit, storage devices and communication
devices.
Input devices:

 An input device is any hardware

components that allows you to enter


data and instructions into a computer.
Five widely used input devices are
keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner
and webcam.
Keyboard:

 Used for typing text and commands.


Mouse:

 Used to navigate and interact with the computer.


Scanner:

 Converts physical documents into digital format.


Microphone:

 Captures sound input.


Webcam:

 Captures video input.


Central Processing Unit ( CPU )

 The main processor that executes instructions.


Motherboard:

 The main circuit board that connects all components.


RAM (Random Access Memory)

 Temporary memory that stores data for quick access.


ROM (Read-Only Memory)

 Stores firmware and essential startup instructions.


Difference Between RAM & ROM ?
Hard Disk Drive (HDD) / Solid State Drive(SSD)

 Long-term data storage.


Flash Drive / Memory Card:

 Portable storage devices.


Monitor:

 Display visual output.


Printer:

 Produces physical copies of documents.


Speakers :

 Produce sound output.


Power Supply Unit (PSU)

 Converts electricity to the correct voltage for the computer.


Output devices:

 An output devices is any hardware components that conveys information to one or


more people. Three commonly used out put devices are a printer, monitor and speaker.
System unit:

 The system unit is a case that contains electronic components of the computer
that are used to process data. Two main components on the motherboard are the
processor and memory.
Continue….

 The processor also called CPU (Central processing unit), is the electronic
component that interprets and carries out the instructions that operate the
computer.

 Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be


executed and data needed by those instructions.
Storage devices:

 Storage devices hold data, instruction and information for future


use.
 For example: computer can store hundreds or millions of customers
name and address.
Communication device:

 Is a hardware component enables a computer to send or (transmit) and receive data, instructions

and information to and from one or more computer or mobile devices.


Example:

 Modem

 Switch

 Router etc…..
Categories Of Computers

 Industry experts typically classify computers and categories:


 Mainframe computer.
 Super Computer.
 Micro Computer.
 Server Computer.
 Personal Computer.
 Mobile computer and mobile devices.
 Notebook Computer.
 Netbook Computer.
Mainframe Computer:

 Mainframe computer it is high capacity and costly computer. It is largely used by


big organizations where many people can use it simultaneously.
Super Computer:

 Super Computer come under the biggest, fastest, powerful and most expensive
type of computer for processing data type. A super computer can treat trillions of
instructions / directions in a second.
Micro Computer:

 Micro Computer is a type of computer which is smaller in size and less powerful
than mainframe and minicomputer systems.
Server Computer:

 A type of powerful computer that provides you with various services such as
web hosting, network storage, and application processing.
PERSONAL COMPUTER:

 After covering a long way, the IBM (International Business Machin) Introduced
the first Personal Computer called PC-AT (Personal Computer –Advanced
Technology) in 1984. these computers were very small in size, fast in speed and
accurate.
 Today, several types of PCs are available like desktop computer, laptop
computer.

Desktop Computer Laptop Computer


Personal Computer (Desktop):

 A personal computer is a computer that can perform all of its


input, processing, output, storage and storage activity's by itself. A
personal computer contains a processor, memory and one or more
input, output and storage devices. Personal computer also often
contain a communication devices.
 Two types of personal computers are laptop computers and
notebook computers.
Mobile Computers and Mobile devices:

 A mobile computer is a personal computer you can carry from place to


another place. Similarly, a mobile devices is a computing device small
enough to hold in your hand. The most popular type of mobile computer
is the notebook computer.
Notebook Computers:

 A notebook computer, is also called a laptop computer, is a


portable personal computer often designed to fit on your lap.
Notebook computers are tin and lightweight, yet can be the
powerful as the average of desktop computer. Most notebook
computer can operate on batteries or power supply or both. Some
notebook computers have touch screen allowing you to internet
with the device by the touching the screen, usually with tip of a
finger. On typical notebook computer the keyboard is on the top
of the system unit, and the display attaches to the system unit
hangs.
Netbook:

A netbook, which is a type of


notebook computer is smaller,
lighter, and often not as powerful as
a traditional notebook computer.
Most netbooks cost less than
traditional notebook computers,
usually only a few hundred dollars.
END
THANKS !

You might also like