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HDLC

High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a synchronous data link layer protocol that provides both connection-oriented and connectionless services, supporting half and full duplex communication. It consists of primary, secondary, and combined stations for communication, and frames that include fields such as flag, address, control, payload, and frame check sequence. HDLC defines three frame types: Information frames (I-frames), Supervisory frames (S-frames), and Unnumbered frames (U-frames) for data transmission and control.

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8 views12 pages

HDLC

High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a synchronous data link layer protocol that provides both connection-oriented and connectionless services, supporting half and full duplex communication. It consists of primary, secondary, and combined stations for communication, and frames that include fields such as flag, address, control, payload, and frame check sequence. HDLC defines three frame types: Information frames (I-frames), Supervisory frames (S-frames), and Unnumbered frames (U-frames) for data transmission and control.

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ypantbe21
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Topic: HDLC

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OUTLINE
• High-Level Data Link Control
• Stations for HDLC Protocol
• Configurations and Transfer Modes
• HDLC Frame
• HDLC Frame Types
High-Level Data Link Control
(HDLC)
• It is a synchronous data link layer protocol developed by the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
• Provides both connection-oriented and connectionless service.
• It supports both half and full duplex communication.
• Flow control .
• Bit oriented protocol.

Reference: 1. Ferouzan, Behrouz A., Data Communications and Networking, 2. Stallings William, Data and Computer Communication
Stations for HDLC Protocol
Primary station
• It acts as a master and controls the operation.
• Handles error recovery.
• Frames issued by the primary station are called commands.
Secondary station
• It acts as a slave and operates under the control of the primary station.
• Frames issued by a secondary station are called responses.
• The primary station maintains a separate logical link with each secondary station.
Combined station
• Acts as both primary and secondary stations.
• It does not rely on others for sending data.
Configurations and Transfer
Modes
Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM)

Normal Response Mode (NRM)


HDLC Frame
• Each frame contains up to six fields.

•Flag − It is an 8-bit sequence that marks the beginning and the end of the frame. The bit pattern
of the flag is 01111110.
•Address − It contains the address of the receiver. If the frame is sent by the primary station, it
contains the address(es) of the secondary station(s). If it is sent by the secondary station, it
contains the address of the primary station. The address field may be from 1 byte to several bytes.
•Control − It is 1 or 2 bytes containing flow and error control information.
•Payload − This carries the data from the network layer. Its length may vary from one network to
another.
•FCS − It is a 2 byte or 4 bytes frame check sequence for error detection. The standard code used
is CRC (cyclic redundancy code)

Reference: 1. Ferouzan, Behrouz A., Data Communications and Networking, 2. Stallings William, Data and Computer Communication
HDLC Frame types
• Information Frame(I-frame)
• Supervisory frames (S-frame)
• Unnumbered frames(U-frame)

Reference: 1. Ferouzan, Behrouz A., Data Communications and Networking, 2. Stallings William, Data and Computer Communication
Information Frame(I-frame)

• I-frames or Information frames


carry user data from the network
layer. They also include flow and
error control information that is
piggybacked on user data. The first
bit of control field of I-frame is 0.
• N(S) define the sequence number of
the frame and N(R), correspond to
the acknowledgment number when
piggybacking is used
• P/F has meaning only when it is set
(bit = 1) and can mean poll or final.

Reference: 1. Ferouzan, Behrouz A., Data Communications and Networking, 2. Stallings William, Data and Computer Communication 3. ecomputernotes.co.in
Supervisory frames (S-frame)
• First 2 bits of the control field is 10.
• N(R), corresponds to the
acknowledgment number (ACK) or
negative acknowledgment number
(NAK) depending on the type of S-
frame.
Four types of S-frames

Reference: 1. Ferouzan, Behrouz A., Data Communications and Networking, 2. Stallings William, Data and Computer Communication 3. ecomputernotes.co.in
Unnumbered frames (U-frame)
• First 2 bits of the control field is
11.
• Used to exchange session
management and control
information between connected
devices.
• U-frames contain an information
field, but one used for system
management information, not
user data.

Reference: 1. Ferouzan, Behrouz A., Data Communications and Networking, 2. Stallings William, Data and Computer Communication 3. ecomputernotes.co.in
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