Placement Preparation
Aptitude & Reasoning
Coding &
Decoding
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas
Computer Engineering
Department
Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot
[email protected] 9601901005
Introduction
It is a technique to transform the characters in such a way that no third
person can understand it.
Approach of solving the question of coding:
a) Observe characters (alphabets/numbers/symbols) given in the code
properly.
b) Find the pattern and sequence it follows, whether it is ascending,
descending or pair based.
c) Solve the asked characters using the same pattern and sequence.
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 2
Different types of pattern for coding
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 3
Alphabets with numbers
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 4
Letter Coding
• In letter coding, letters are coded in letters by using different patterns and
sequence.
Example: In a certain code language STUDENT is written as TVXHJTA, then
how is TEACHER written in same code language?
Solution:
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 5
Number Coding
• In number coding, letters are coded in numbers by using different
patterns and sequence.
Example: In a certain code language ASKED is written 45211, how will
EIGHT be written in that code language?
Solution: A = 1, S = 19, K = 11, E = 5, D = 4
• Convert all digits to single digit, we will get 1, (1+9=10, 1+0=1),
(1+1=2), 5, 4
• Therefore, number is 1 1 2 5 4. Write it in reverse order “45211”
• Same pattern is used for EIGHT as shown below
• E = 5, I = 9, G = 7, H = 8, T = 20
• Convert all digits to single digit, we will get 5, 9, 7, 8, (2+0 = 2)
• Therefore, number is 5 9 7 8 2. Write it in reverse order “28795”
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 6
Conditional Coding
Example: In each of these questions a group of letters is given followed by four combinations of
number/symbol numbered (1), (2), (3) & (4). Letters are to be coded as per the scheme and
conditions given below. You have to find out the serial number of the combination, which represents
the letter group. Serial number of that combination is your answer.
Letter: E Q B K N P L I T C S F H W A
Symbol: 5 * $ 2 © # 4 9 @ 6 1 8 % 7 3
Conditions:
If the first letter is a consonant and the last letter is a vowel, both will be treated as vowel.
If the first letter is a vowel and the last letter is a consonant, the codes will be interchange.
If both the first and the last letters are consonants, both will be coded as ‘d’.
If there are more than two vowels in the group of letters, then all vowels will be coded as ‘&’.
Q-1 IQCPWF Q-4 IBTNAE
Sol. According to condition (2), the code is 8*6#79 Sol. According to condition (4), the code is &$@©&&
Q-2 KAWILP Q-5 IKBQFA
Sol. According to condition (3), the code is d379#d Sol. No condition is satisfied, the code is 92$*83
Q-3 TCKAPE
Sol. According to condition (1), the code is 5623#5
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 7
Substitution Coding
• In number coding, some particular objects are assigned code names.
Then a question is asked that is to be answered in the code language.
Example: If cook is called butler, butler is called manager, manager is called
teacher, teacher is called clerk and clerk is called principal, who will teach in
class?
Solution: Clearly, a ‘teacher’ teaches in a class and as given ‘teacher’ is
called ‘clerk’.
• So, a ‘clerk’ will teach in the class. Hence, the answer is ‘clerk’.
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 8
Mixed Letter Coding
• In this type of questions, three or four complete messages are given in
the coded language and the code for a particular word is asked. To
analyze such codes, any two messages bearing a common word are
picked up. The common code word will mean that word. Proceeding
similarly by picking up all possible combinations of two, the entire
Example: If ‘nso ptr kli chn’ stands for ‘Sharma gets marriage gift’, ‘ptr lnm
message
wop can befor
chn’ stands analyzed.
‘wife gives marriage gift’, ‘tti wop nhi’ stands for ‘he
gives nothing’, what would mean ‘gives’?
Solution: In the second and third statements, the common word is ‘gives’
and the common code word is ‘wop’. So , ‘wop’ means ‘gives’.
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 9
Exercise
Ex-1: In a certain code language, REASONING is written as HZVILTMRM,
then how is DIGINOTES written
Ans =in same code language?
RTRWMHVGL
Ex-2: In a certain code language ZEBRA is written as WBYAJ, then how is
HORSE written in same
Ans =code language?
Ex-3: In a certain MTIWI
code language, GGOLD is written as IKUTN, then how is
STARS written in same
Ans =code language?
Ex-4: In a certain UXGZC
code language, RTS is written as 19 and MTH is written
Ans in
as 25, then how is IPL written = same code language?
13
Ex-5: In a certain code language, PRINTER is written as STJNSCO, then how
is DIGITAL written in Ans
same= code language?
Ex-6: If eye is calledGKHISYI
hand, hand is called mouth, mouth is called ear, ear
is called nose and nose is called tongue, with which of the following
Ans = would
a person hear? nose
Prof. Krunal D. Vyas Aptitude & Reasoning Coding & Decoding 10
