This document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming with Java, focusing on the Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Virtual Machine (JVM). It outlines the structure of a Java source file, including package declarations, import statements, class and interface declarations, and how to run a Java program. The document serves as a foundational guide for understanding Java programming concepts and execution.
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Lecture 2.
This document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming with Java, focusing on the Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Virtual Machine (JVM). It outlines the structure of a Java source file, including package declarations, import statements, class and interface declarations, and how to run a Java program. The document serves as a foundational guide for understanding Java programming concepts and execution.
gineering College JDK The Java Development Kit (JDK) is a cross- platformed software development environment that offers a collection of tools and libraries necessary for developing Java-based software applications. It is a core package used in Java, along with the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) and the JRE (Java Runtime Environment).
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gineering College JDK • JDK is an acronym for Java Development Kit.It physically exists.It contains JRE + development tools.
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gineering College JVM • JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is an abstract machine. • It is a specification that provides runtime environment in which java byte code can be executed. • JVMs are available for many hardware and software platforms. • JVM, JRE and JDK are platform dependent because configuration of each OS differs. But, Java is platform independent. Department of Computer Science ,ABES En gineering College JRE • JRE is an acronym for Java Runtime Environment. • It is used to provide runtime environment. It is the implementation of JVM. • It physically exists. • It contains set of libraries + other files that JVM uses at runtime.
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gineering College JRE
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gineering College Java Source File Structure • In Java, a source file typically follows a specific structure to define classes, interfaces, and other elements of the program. • Package Declaration (Optional): The package declaration is used to organize related classes and interfaces into a package. It is the first non-comment line in the file and is optional. For example: package com.example.myapp;
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gineering College • Import Statements (Optional): Import statements are used to bring in classes or entire packages from other packages to use in the current source file. They appear after the package declaration (if present) and before the class declaration. For example: import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; • Class Declaration: A Java source file can contain one public class (with the same name as the file) and any number of non- public classes. The class declaration consists of the class keyword followed by the class name and optional modifiers (e.g., public, abstract, final). For example:
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gineering College • Interface Declaration (Optional): Similar to classes, a Java source file can also contain interfaces. The interface declaration consists of the interface keyword followed by the interface name and optional modifiers. For example: public interface MyInterface { // interface body } • Class or Interface Body: The body of a class or interface contains fields, methods, constructors, and nested classes or interfaces. It is enclosed in curly braces {}. For example:
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gineering College public class MyClass { private int myField; public MyClass(int value) { myField = value; } public void myMethod() { System.out.println("Hello, world!"); } // nested class private class NestedClass { // nested class body } }
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gineering College • Comments: Java supports single-line comments (//) and multi-line comments (/* */) for adding explanations or documentation to the code.
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gineering College How to Run Java Program • Write Your Java Program: Create a Java source file with a .java extension. • For example, let's say you have a simple program called HelloWorld.java public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello, world!"); } } Department of Computer Science ,ABES En gineering College • Compile Your Java Program: Open a command prompt and navigate to the directory containing your Java source file. Use the javac command to compile your program. javac HelloWorld.java • Run Your Java Program: Use the java command to run your compiled Java program. java HelloWorld This will execute your HelloWorld class, and you should see the output Hello, world! printed to the console. Department of Computer Science ,ABES En gineering College