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Lab 5 - ARRAYS

The document provides an overview of arrays and strings in Java, including their declaration, initialization, and methods for accessing and manipulating their values. It covers one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays, along with code examples for calculating averages and initializing 2D arrays with random numbers. Additionally, it explains string operations and presents a problem scenario for developing a temperature monitoring program using arrays.

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4 views12 pages

Lab 5 - ARRAYS

The document provides an overview of arrays and strings in Java, including their declaration, initialization, and methods for accessing and manipulating their values. It covers one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays, along with code examples for calculating averages and initializing 2D arrays with random numbers. Additionally, it explains string operations and presents a problem scenario for developing a temperature monitoring program using arrays.

Uploaded by

pes OP
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECT

ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

Lab 5
Arrays and Strings

By: Abdul Wahid


Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology
Outline
• What is an Array?
• Access the values of arrays using loops
• Multi dimensional arrays.
• Declaration and initialization of arrays.
• What are strings in java
• String methods
• Code Examples
• Problems
What is an Array?
Arrays are used to store multiple values in a single variable, instead of declaring
separate variables for each value.

Array Declaration
DataType [ ] ArrayName

Array Initialization
DataType [ ] ArrayName = {val1, val2, val3}

Array Initialization
int [ ] num = {2,6,3,9,7,0}
Access the values of array
In Java there are two ways to access the element of an array, lets look at examples below:

int [ ] num = {2,6,3,9,7,0}  Example Array

By referring the index


We need to add reference of the index on which your desired value is placed.
System.out.println(num[2]

By using iterative method


We need start the loop to access all elements in the array..
for (int i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
System.out.println(num[i]); }
Changing the values of an array
To change the value of a specific element, refer to the index number

int [ ] num = {2,6,3,9,7,0}  Example Array

num[2] = 4;
System.out.println(num[2])
Multi Dimensional array
A multidimensional array is an array of arrays. Multidimensional arrays are useful when you want to store data
as a tabular form like a table with rows and columns.

Creating a Multidimensional Array


int [ ][ ] numbers = { {2,4,6,8,10,12}, {1,3,5,7,9,11} }  Example Array
System.out.println(numbers[1][3])

Access elements of a Multidimensional Array through loop


for (int i = 0; i < myNumbers.length; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < myNumbers[i].length; ++j) {
System.out.println(myNumbers[i][j]);
}
}
Array Example 1
Calculate Average of an Array
Write a program using a one-dimensional array to find the average of a set of numbers.

class Average {
public static void main(String args[]) {
double nums[] = {10.1, 11.2, 12.3, 13.4, 14.5};
double result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
result += nums[i];
}
System.out.println("Average is " + result / nums.length);
}
}
Array Example 2
Initialize 2D Array with Random Numbers
Write a program to initialize and print a 5x5 2D array with random numbers.

class RandomArray2D {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double[][] array2d = new double[5][5];
for (int row = 0; row < array2d.length; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < array2d[row].length; col++) {
array2d[row][col] = Math.round(Math.random());
}}
for (int row = 0; row < array2d.length; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < array2d[row].length; col++) {
System.out.print(array2d[row][col] + " ");}
System.out.println();
}}}
What are the strings in Java
Strings are used for storing text. A String variable contains a collection of characters
surrounded by double quotes

String text = "Hello World";


String methods
A String in Java is actually an object, which contain methods that can perform certain operations on strings.

String text = "Hello World";

Length of a String
System.out.println("The length of the txt string is: " + text.length());

Uppercase Strings
System.out.println(“String to Upper Case: " + text.toUpperCase());

Lowercase Strings
System.out.println(" String to Lower Case : " + text.toLowerCase());

Finding the index of word


System.out.println(“the index no of world is: " + text.indexOf(“world”));
Problems
Scenario:
You are developing a program to help a weather monitoring system analyze temperature
data for a city. The system collects daily temperature readings for 7 days, and you are
required to generate a summary report based on this data.
Task Description:

Write a Java program that:


●Uses a one-dimensional array to store the temperature readings for 7 days.
●Calculates and displays the average temperature for the week.
●Identifies and prints the highest and lowest temperatures recorded.
●Traverses the array using a loop to print the temperature readings for each day.
Thank you

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