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WEBAPP Lesson 1

The document provides an overview of the Internet and the World Wide Web, detailing their history, features, and technologies. It distinguishes between static and dynamic websites, explaining their characteristics, advantages, and application areas. Additionally, it covers web browsers, web servers, web technologies, and the structure of URLs.

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Rovell Asidera
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15 views36 pages

WEBAPP Lesson 1

The document provides an overview of the Internet and the World Wide Web, detailing their history, features, and technologies. It distinguishes between static and dynamic websites, explaining their characteristics, advantages, and application areas. Additionally, it covers web browsers, web servers, web technologies, and the structure of URLs.

Uploaded by

Rovell Asidera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Web

Chapter 1
INTERNET

o The Internet is a global network of networks that enables


computers of all kinds to directly and transparently
communicate and share services throughout the world. In
1969 the precursor of Internet is born: ARPAnet. ARPA =
Advanced Research Projects Agency was sponsored by the
American Department of Defense (DOD).
INTERNET

o It was designed to connect military research centers. It is a


distributed computer system able to survive a nuclear attack.
In 1970, ARPA starts developing the Transmission Control
Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), a technology for
connecting networks of different types (produced by different
companies). Other networks appear, such as CSNET and
BITNET.
FEATURES OF THE INTERNET

o Mailing lists

o Newsgroups

o FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

o Telnet or remote login

o Chatrooms
World Wide Web (WWW)

o The World Wide Web allows


computer users to locate and
view multimedia-based documents
(i.e., documents with text, graphics,
animations, audios or videos)
on almost any subject.
World Wide Web (WWW)

o In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee of CERN


(the European Laboratory for Particle
Physics) developed the World
Wide Web and several communication
protocols that form the backbone of
the Web. The Internet and the World
Wide Web surely will be listed among
the most important and profound
creations of humankind.
World Wide Web (WWW)

o W3C Recommendations include


the Extensible Hyper-Text Markup
Language (XHTML), Cascading
Style Sheets (CSS), Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML; now
considered a “legacy” technology)
and the Extensible Markup
Language (XML). The W3C homepage
(www.w3.org) provides
extensive resources on Internet and Web technologies.
Web Content

o Web content is the textual, visual or aural content that is


encountered as part of the user experience on websites.

o It may include, among other things: text, images, sounds,


videos and animations.
HTML Web Content

o Even though we may embed various protocols within web


pages, the "web page" composed of "html" (or some
variation) content is still the dominant way whereby we share
content.

o A web search engine is designed to search for information on


the World WideWeb.
Types of Website Content

o Static Web Site

o Dynamic Web Site


Static Web Site

o A static web page (sometimes called a flat page) is a web


page that is delivered to the user exactly as stored.

o Consequently a static web page displays the same


information for all users.

o Static web pages are often HTML documents stored as files


in the file system and made available by the web server over
HTTP.

o Static Web pages are very simple in layout and informative in


context.
A Static Webpage

A theme park website


A Static Webpage

An E-library Website
A Static Webpage

An E-Learning Website
Advantages of Static Website

o No programming skills are required to create a static page.

o Inherently publicly cacheable.

o No particular hosting requirements are necessary.

o Can be viewed directly by a web browser without needing a


web server or application server.
Disadvantages of Static Website

o Any personalization or interactivity has to run client-side


which is restricting

o Maintaining large numbers of static pages as files can be


impractical without automated tools
Application Areas of Static Website:

o Changes to web content is infrequent


o List of products / services offered is limited
o No advanced online ordering facility is required
o Features like order tracking, verifying availability of stock,
online credit card transactions, are not needed.
o Web site not required to be connected to back-end system
Dynamic Web Sites

o A dynamic web page is a kind of web page that has been


prepared with fresh information for each individual viewing.

o It is not static because it changes with the time, the user, the
user interaction, the context or any combination of the
foregoing.
A Dynamic Web Page

Online shopping website


A Dynamic Web Page

Workload Automation and Job Scheduling Website


Two Types of dynamic web sites

o Client-side scripting and content creation

o Server-side scripting and content creation


Client-side scripting and content creation

o Such web pages use presentation technology called rich


interfaced pages. Client-side scripting languages like
JavaScript or ActionScript, used for Dynamic HTML (DHTML)
and Flash technologies respectively, are frequently used to
orchestrate media types of the presentation.

o The Client-side content is generated on the user's computer.

o The web browser retrieves a page from the server, then


processes the code embedded in the page (often written in
JavaScript) and displays the retrieved page's content to the
user.
Server-side scripting and content creation

o Using server-side scripting to change the supplied page


source between pages, adjusting the sequence or reload of
the web pages or web content supplied to the browser.

o Server responses may be determined by such conditions as


data in a posted HTML form, parameters in the URL, the
type of browser being used, the passage of time, or a
database or server state.

o Such web pages are often created with the help of


serverside languages such as PHP, Perl, ASP, ASP.NET,
JSP,ColdFusion and other languages.
Application areas of Dynamic Website

o Need to change main pages more frequently to encourage


clients to return to site.
o Long list of products / services offered .
o Need for more sophisticated ordering system with a wide
variety of functions.
o Tracking and offering personalized services to clients.
o Facility to connect Web site to the existing back-end system
Web Browsers

o A web browser is a software program that allows a user to


locate, access, and display web pages. In common usage, a
web browser is usually shortened to "browser.“

o Web browsers are used primarily for displaying and


accessing websites on the internet, as well as other content
created using languages such as Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML) and Extensible Markup Language (XML).

o Browsers translate web pages and websites delivered using


Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) into human-readable
content.
Web Browsers
Web Servers

o A web Server is a program that automatically downloads


pages from the Web

o An application server works with a Web server to handle


requests for dynamic content, such as servlets, from Web
applications.

o The web server software offers access to documents stored


on the server.

o Clients can browse the documents in a web browser.


Web Servers
Web Technologies

o HTML, which stands for Hypertext Markup Language, is the


predominant markup language for web pages. It is written in
the form of HTML elements consisting of "tags" surrounded
by angle brackets within the web page content.

o It allows images and objects to be embedded and can be


used to create interactive forms. It provides a means to create
structured documents by denoting structural semantics for
text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and
other items.
Web Technologies

o HTML can also be used to include Cascading Style Sheets


(CSS) to define the appearance and layout of text and other
material and Javascript to define the functionality of the
website.
Web Page Addresses (URLs)

o URL is the abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator and is


defined as the global address of documents and other
resources on the World Wide Web.

The Parts of A URL


o A complete URL is generally made up of three components:
the protocol, the site name, and the absolute path to the
document or resource
The Parts of A URL

The first thing the URL does is define the protocol that
will be used for that particular transaction. The letters
HTTP let the server know to use Hypertext Transfer
Protocol, or get into “web-mode.”
The Parts of A URL

The next portion of the URL identifies the web site by


its domain name. In this example, the domain name is
jendesign.com. The “www.” part at the beginning is
the particular host name at that domain. The host
name “www” has become a convention, but is not a
rule. In fact, sometimes the host name may be
omitted.
The Parts of A URL

This is the absolute path to the requested HTML


document, first.html. The words separated by slashes
indicate the pathway through directory levels, starting
with the root directory of the host, to get to first.html
The Anatomy of a Web Page
Assignment:
• List down all tags with start tag and end tag with description:
• List down all tags without end tags with description:

• Handwritten and to be submitted on February 7:


• Write in a short bond paper, make it clean and neat:
• Put it in Expandable plastic Folder for all class.

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