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Intro To Trigo

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7 views26 pages

Intro To Trigo

Uploaded by

fudalanalhyccajean
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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M

3L
13
TARGET
Lesson Illustrate the six circular
functions;
13: Define the six circular
What are functions and their
the relationship to the
trigonometric functions; and
circular Use reference angles to find
functions exact values of circular
functions.
?
Recall
A circle with a center at (0,0) and a radius of 1 is
called a unit circle.

Consider the unit circle


given by

x 2 + y2 = 1

It is called the unit circle


because it has a radius of one
unit.
As you graph any angle on the unit circle,
there is a point where its terminal side intersects
the circle. The point is
(x, y)
If you graph an angle of 0 degrees or 0
radians, the terminal side intersection
corresponds to the point (1, 0). Moreover,
because the unit circle has a
circumference of 2, the angle 2 also corresponds
to the point (1, 0).
PRE-CALCULUS Lesson 13:
What are the circular functions ?

Using these definitions, these six functions can be


computed for acute angles (angles between 0˚ and 90˚)..
Circular
Functions
The domain of circular functions are
angles in standard position and their
values are taken from the coordinates of
points on the unit circle.
The notation P(θ) will be used to refer to
the point on the unit circle on the
terminal side of angle in standard
position,

P( θ)=(𝑥, 𝑦)
Note
: 3 basic trigonometric functions are cos, sin, and
The
tan while the other 3, sec, csc, and cot are the
reciprocals of the basic trigonometric functions.
The sides of a triangle is
shown in the figure, where
the bottom leg is just the
value of x while the other
leg is just the value of y
and the hypotenuse is always
equivalent to 1.
Suppose the = 45
By the Pythagorean Theorem:
a2 + b2 = c2,
Let a = the sides of a triangle, then
a2 + a2 = 1
2a2 = 1
a2 = ½Therefore, each leg is
a=
a= P(45 ) =
The resulting values of the circular function if
the measure of = 45 are as follows:

cos 45 = sec 45 =

sin 45 = csc 45 =

Tan 45 = = 1 cot 45 = = 1
Two special triangles are used to coordinate
the unit circle.

1. We use a 45 – 45 – 90 triangle with a


hypotenuse of 1
Two special triangles are used to coordinate
the unit circle.

2. We use a 30 – 60 – 90 triangle with a


hypotenuse of 1
Evaluate the values of the circular functions
for =

Answer: P(60) =
The resulting values of the circular function if
the measure of = are as follows:

cos = ½ Sec = 2

sin = csc =

Tan = cot =
EXERCISE
True or False. If False, change the
underlined part to make the statement true.

__________a. The values of the circular functions


are derived from the coordinates of points on
the unit circle.
__________ b. The points on the unit circle can be
represented as (sin θ, cos θ) where θ is the
central angle formed by the ray from the origin to
__________ c. The six circular functions are
defined for all real numbers.
__________ d. The maximum possible value of the
sine function is 1 and the minimum possible
value is -1.
__________ e. The domain of circular functions are
angles in standard position.
The resulting values of the circular function if
the measure of = are as follows:

cos = Sec =

sin = ½ csc =

Tan = = cot =
Relationship between
the Circular and
Trigonometric
Functions
The values of the circular
functions for angles with a terminal
side in the first quadrant (acute
angles) are the same as the
trigonometric functions.
P( = P(60) = (1/2, )

P(cos , sin )= (1/2, )


the perpendicular

point P(θ)=(𝑥 , 𝑦) to the 𝑥-


dropped from the

axis still forms a right

1, and sine, cos


triangle with hypotenuse of

=a and sin =b, thus, P (θ)=(𝑥, 𝑦 ) on the


By the definitionslength
of cosine

unit circle has coordinates:


x = -a = -cos and y = b = sin
QUADRANT III
x = -a = -cos and y = -b = -
sin

QUADRANT IV
x = a = cos and y = -b = -sin
SUMMARY OF THE SIGNS

In the above cases, the angle a is called the reference

terminal side of the angle makes with the 𝑥-axis. It can be used
angle of θ. The reference angle is the acute angle that the

to determine the absolute values of the circular functions. The


sign to use would depend on which quadrant the terminal side
of the angle falls, following the usual conventions for positive
That’s all
for now!

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