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1.3. Programming languages - types

The document provides an overview of different types of programming languages, including functional, scripting, logic, object-oriented, and procedural programming, with a focus on C programming. It outlines the characteristics and examples of each language type, emphasizing the features of C such as simplicity, portability, and structured programming. Additionally, it includes references for further reading on data structures and algorithms.

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Alistair Frame
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3 views

1.3. Programming languages - types

The document provides an overview of different types of programming languages, including functional, scripting, logic, object-oriented, and procedural programming, with a focus on C programming. It outlines the characteristics and examples of each language type, emphasizing the features of C such as simplicity, portability, and structured programming. Additionally, it includes references for further reading on data structures and algorithms.

Uploaded by

Alistair Frame
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FOUNDATIONS

OF
COMPUTATIONAL
THINKING AND PROGRAMMING

Programming language types


Revision

• What is the difference between ASCII, extended


ASCII and Unicode systems?
• Rather than using binary numbers or 0s and 1s
why don’t computers use decimal numbers just
like us human beings?
• Where are octal and hexadecimal numbers
used?
Learning Objectives

This session will cover programming languages.


1. Overview
2. Different types of programming languages
o Functional
o Scripting
o Logic
o Object-oriented
o Procedural programming
 C programming
Functional programming languages

Instead of executing statements,


functional languages focus on
mathematical functions. Each
function performs a specific task
and returns a result. Examples:

Scala
Elixir
Haskell
Scripting Programming Languages

Scripting languages automate


repetitive tasks and manage
dynamic web content.
Examples include:

Python
Ruby
PHP
Perl
Logic Programming Languages

Logic programming
languages express a series
of facts and rules to instruct
computers how to make
decisions
Absys
Datalog
Prolog
Object-oriented Programming Languages

This type of language looks at


one program as a group of
objects. These objects could
be reused and scaled.
Examples include:
Java
Python
C++
Ruby
Procedural programming languages
Procedural programming languages follow a step-by-step approach,
organizing code into functions or procedures to perform tasks. They
emphasize sequence, selection, and iteration to structure programs.
Key features include:

• Modular code: Uses functions to improve reusability.


• Top-down approach: Programs execute in a defined order.
• Global and local variables: Used to store and manipulate data.

Examples include C, Pascal, and Fortran, commonly used for system


programming and embedded systems.
Procedural Programming
Language - C
C Programming Language was developed
in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at bell
laboratories of AT&T (American Telephone
& Telegraph)

The initial aim for C language was to be


used with UNIX operating system. Thus,
it inherits many features of previous
languages such as B and BCPL.
Dennis Ritchie
Features of C Language

Simple

Extensible Portable

Recursion Mid-level
Features
of C

Structured
Pointers Programming
Language

Memory
Fast
Managemen
Speed
t
Simple C Code

#include <stdio.h>

int main ( )
The program prints
the Hello World!
{
string on the screen
printf(“Hello World! \n”);

return 0;

}
Summary

1. Overview
2. Different types of programming languages
o Functional
o Scripting
o Logic
o Object-oriented
o Procedural programming
§ C programming
Further reading
Goodrich, M. T. et al. (2022) Data Structures and Algorithms in
Java. Wiley

Liang, D. Y. (2021) Introduction to Java Programming and Data


Structures, Comprehensive Version. 12th edn. Pearson

Hunt, A. et al. (2000) The Pragmatic Programmer: From


Journeyman to Master. 1st edn. Addison-Wesley

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