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Welcome To Seminar On: Standard Library in C

This document provides an overview of the standard C library functions organized by header file. It introduces the main header files that provide input/output (<stdio.h>), string (<string.h>), mathematical (<math.h>), character (<ctype.h>), utility (<stdlib.h>) and time/date (<time.h>) functions. For each header, it lists some common functions and provides an example of how to use one function such as gets(), strlen(), ceil() and clock(). The document concludes with references for further information on the standard C library.

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32 views20 pages

Welcome To Seminar On: Standard Library in C

This document provides an overview of the standard C library functions organized by header file. It introduces the main header files that provide input/output (<stdio.h>), string (<string.h>), mathematical (<math.h>), character (<ctype.h>), utility (<stdlib.h>) and time/date (<time.h>) functions. For each header, it lists some common functions and provides an example of how to use one function such as gets(), strlen(), ceil() and clock(). The document concludes with references for further information on the standard C library.

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gaurav2300500
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Welcome To Seminar On Standard library in c

contents
1. Introduction 2. C programming library functions 2.1 <stdio.h> 2.2<String.h> 2.3<math.h> 2.4<ctype.h> 2.5<stdlib.h 2.6<time.h> 3 Conclusion 4 References

Introduction

Libraries for use by C programs really consist of two parts: header files that define types and macros and declare variables and functions; and the actual library that contains the definitions of the variables and functions.

Every implementation of C comes with a standard library of predefined functions. Note that, in programming, a library is a collection of functions. The functions that are common to all versions of C are known as the C Standard Library.

C programming library functions

<stdio.h>-standard input and output getc() getchar() gets() printf() fflush()

gets()
Description:
This function accepts a string from the standard input device. The input string may consist of multiple word. Typing enter key completes the Input.

Example:
#include <stdio.h> Void main(void) { char string[50]; printf("Input a string:"); gets(string); printf("The string you typed is); puts (string); } Output is: Input a string: string input The string you typed is string input

<String.h>- string functions

memchr(); memcmp(); strlen(); strcat(); strncat();

strlen()
The strlen() function takes one arguement that can be a string constant or a variable. It counts number of characters present in the string. Null character is used to mark the end of the string, so it is not counted. #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> Void main(void { Char str [31]; int len; Printf(\nenter string:); gets(str); len=strlen(str); Printf(no. of characters in %s=%d\n,str,len); } output-enter string: turbo No. of characters in turbo =5

<math.h>-Mathematical function
abs() acos() asin() Sqrt() ceil()

Example:ceil()
Description: The ceil() function returns the smallest integer no less than num. Example: y = 6.04; x = ceil( y ); RESULT: Sets x to 7.0

<ctype.h>-Character class test

isalnum(); isalpha(); iscntrl(); isdigit(); islower();

isalpha() Description: The function isalpha() returns non-zero if its argument is a letter of the alphabet. Otherwise, zero is returned. Example: char c; scanf( "%c", &c ); if(( isalpha(c) ) printf( "You entered a letter of the alphabet\n" );

<Stdlib.h>- Utility functions

abort(); atoi(); atexit(); atof(); bsearch();

example
atoi()
Description: The atoi() function converts str into an integer, and returns that integer. str should start with some sort of number, and atoi() will stop reading from str as soon as a nonnumerical character has been read. Example: i = atoi( "512.035" ); RESULT: i set to 512.

<time.h>- Time and date functions


asctime(); clock(); difftime(); gmtime();

clock()

Syntax: #include <time.h>


Description: The clock() function returns the processor time since the program started, or -1 if that information is unavailable. To convert the return value to seconds, divide it by CLOCKS_PER_SEC. (Note: if your compiler is POSIX compliant, then CLOCKS_PER_SEC is always defined as 1000000.)

conclusion

References
http://www.elook.org/programming/c/stddate.html http://www.elook.org/programming/c/ http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/webmonkeys/book/c_guide/

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