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Enzyme

Enzymes are biological catalysts, primarily proteins, that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed. They are vital for metabolic processes, digestion, DNA replication, and various cellular functions, with their activity influenced by pH and temperature. Each enzyme has optimal conditions for efficiency, and deviations can hinder their function or cause denaturation.

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6 views9 pages

Enzyme

Enzymes are biological catalysts, primarily proteins, that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed. They are vital for metabolic processes, digestion, DNA replication, and various cellular functions, with their activity influenced by pH and temperature. Each enzyme has optimal conditions for efficiency, and deviations can hinder their function or cause denaturation.

Uploaded by

abdulhadichowdhury5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Enzyme

Enzymes are biological catalysts, typically proteins,


that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms
without being consumed in the process
Functions of enzymes:
•Metabolism:
•Enzymes play a crucial role in all metabolic processes, including
building and breaking down molecules.
•Digestion:
•Digestive enzymes, like amylase and pepsin, break down food
molecules into smaller units that can be absorbed by the body.
•DNA replication:
•Enzymes like DNA polymerase are essential for copying DNA during cell
division.
•Other processes:

•Enzymes are also involved in various other cellular functions, including


muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and immune
responses.
Enzyme activity is significantly
influenced by both pH and
temperature. Each enzyme has an
optimal pH and temperature range
where it functions most
efficiently. Deviations from these
optima can slow down or even stop
enzyme activity, sometimes causing
the enzyme to denature (lose its
shape) and become non-functional.
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Questions:
1. Define- (a)catalyst, (b)
enzymes
2. list the factors affecting the
rate of enzymes

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