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Unveiling The Mathematic Al Foundations of Urban Traffic Managemen T

The document discusses the mathematical foundations of urban traffic management, highlighting the necessity of traffic management due to urbanization, economic costs, safety concerns, and environmental damage. It covers various mathematical theories such as Queuing Theory, Network Flow Theory, Control Theory, and Game Theory, which are used to model, analyze, and optimize traffic systems. The conclusion emphasizes the integration of these approaches for smarter traffic management solutions to enhance urban mobility and reduce congestion.

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Pranav Pawar
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7 views16 pages

Unveiling The Mathematic Al Foundations of Urban Traffic Managemen T

The document discusses the mathematical foundations of urban traffic management, highlighting the necessity of traffic management due to urbanization, economic costs, safety concerns, and environmental damage. It covers various mathematical theories such as Queuing Theory, Network Flow Theory, Control Theory, and Game Theory, which are used to model, analyze, and optimize traffic systems. The conclusion emphasizes the integration of these approaches for smarter traffic management solutions to enhance urban mobility and reduce congestion.

Uploaded by

Pranav Pawar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unveiling

The
MaThemaTic
al
FoundaTions
of Urban
Traffic
managemen
T
PresenTaTion
by CS1-74 VikranT
Bendre
CS1-76 Swapnil
PaTil CS1-86
Pranav Pawar
WHY TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IS
NECESSARY?
UrbanizaTion ImpacT
Rapid ciTy growTh causes heavy congesTion on roads.

Economic CosTs
CongesTion wasTes $87B and 3.8B gallons of fuel
annually in The US.

SafeTy Concerns
AccidenTs rise by 20% due To Traffic jams.
EnvironmenTal Damage
Increases urban greenhouse gas emissions by 12%
Problem
Traffi
STaTemenT: c
ManagemenT
SoluTions:- NeTwork Flow
- Queing
-Theory
Linear Theory
- ConTrol
programming- Game Theory
Theory
QUEING
THEORY
Queuing Theory is The maThemaTical sTudy of waiTing lines, used To model and predicT
delays and service efficiency IT helps opTimize sysTems by analyzing arrival
raTes, service raTes, and waiT Times.
M/M/1 MODEL WAITING TIME
SINGLE-SERVER QUEUE WITH - AVERAGE QUEUE DELAY:
RATE Λ AND SERVICE RATE
ARRIVAL WQ = Λ / (Μ(Μ-
Μ. Λ))
- MULTI-SERVER M/M/C
TRAFFIC INTENSITY Ρ = ACCOUNT FOR MULTIPLE
MODELS
PROBABILITY
Λ/Μ OF N LANES.
VEHICLES:=P(N)
(1-Ρ)
Ρⁿ
OPTIMIZATION
LINEAR
TECHNIQUES:
PROGRAMMING
MAXIMIZE TRAFFIC
THROUGHPUTGOAL
MINIMIZEAND
OVERALL
DELAY. CONSTRAINT
S
CYCLE LENGTH LIMITS
METHO
GREEN TIME
DS
USES WEBSTER’S
TRANSYT OPTIMIZATION
DISTRIBUTION PHASE FORMULAS AND
SOFTWARE.
SEQUENCING RULES
NETWORK FLOW
THEORY
DefiniTion:- :-
A flow neTwork is a
direcTed graph where
each edge has a
capaciTy and
receives a flow, Typically used To model sysTems like
TransporTaTion, waTer, daTa, or logisTics.

Key
ComponenTs:-
Nodes (VerTices): RepresenT sources, sinks, or
inTermediaTe poinTs.
Edges (Arcs): RepresenT connecTions wiTh flow
capaciTies. Source (S): The sTarTing poinT of
NETWORK FLOW THEORY :-

Graph NoTaTion:-
G = (V, E) where:
V = seT of verTices
E = seT of direcTed edges wiTh capaciTies c(u,
v)

Flow CondiTions Rules:-


CapaciTy ConsTrainT: 0 ≤ f(u, v) ≤ c(u, v)
ConservaTion of Flow: ExcepT for source and sink,
The sum of incoming flow = ouTgoing flow.
10 5
(S) -----> (A) -------->
(T)
\ |
Graph
\ |
Model :- 15
\----> v(B) -------->
ExplanaTion of The (T)
Graph:- 10 10
Sink: T S
Source:
CapaciTies labeled on edges (e.g., edge S → A has
capaciTy 10) MulTiple paThs from S To T Through
inTermediaTe nodes A and B
CONTROL THEORY : FEEDBACK
MECHANISMS
📡Real-Time Sensing :-
Traffic sensors conTinuously moniTor vehicle flow,
speed, and congesTion.
DaTa is collecTed in real Time from cameras, loop
deTecTors, and GPS.

🔄 AdapTive ConTrol :-
Traffic signals adjusT dynamically based on
currenT Traffic paTTerns.
Reduces congesTion by opTimizing signal
Timings aT inTersecTions.
Enables smarT Traffic managemenT in
ciTies.
GAME THEORY IN URBAN
TRAFFIC
DefiniTion: A maThemaTical model To sTudy
inTeracTions where parTicipanTs make decisions
ThaT impacT each oTher.
Relevance To Traffic: Drivers are seen as
players choosing opTimal rouTes.
Example: Nash Equilibrium in rouTe selecTion—no
driver benefiTs by changing rouTes unilaTerally.
ApplicaTion: Designing Tolls, lane rules, and
opTimizing Traffic flow.
Example of Game
Theory
SIMULATION –
MICROSCOPIC MODE
LS
Definition: Focus on individual vehicle
behavior and interactions.
Mathematical Models: Car-following
models, Cellular Automata.
Tools Used: SUMO, VISSIM.
Pros: Detailed, high accuracy.
Use Case: Traffic light optimization,
real-time traffic control.
SIMULATION – MACROSCOPIC
MODELS
DefiniTion: TreaT Traffic like a fluid;
analyze collecTive behavior.
MaThemaTical Basis: PDEs (e.g.,
LighThill– WhiTham–Richards
model).
Pros: Simpler compuTaTion, good for
large-scale planning.
Use Case: Long-Term urban
planning, policy TesTing.
CONCLUSI
ON of modern urban Traffic
MaThemaTics is The backbone
managemenT, providing Tools To model, analyze, and opTimize
complex Traffic sysTems.
Game Theory offers insighTs inTo driver behavior and decision-
making, enabling The design of sTraTegies ThaT lead To more
efficienT Traffic flow.
Microscopic and Macroscopic SimulaTions allow for deTailed and
aggregaTe analyses of Traffic paTTerns, aiding in The
developmenT of effecTive Traffic conTrol measures.
InTegraTing These maThemaTical approaches leads To smarTer,
more adapTive Traffic managemenT soluTions, ulTimaTely
enhancing urban mobiliTy and reducing congesTion.
THAN
K
YOU

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