Web Engineering

Lecture Outline

Introduction to Web Engineering

Web Application Categories
Web Application Characteristics
 Introduction
 Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is concerned with all
aspects of software production.

 Software Engineering is the science and art of building significant software

systems that are:
 on time
 on budget
 with acceptable performance
 with correct operation
 Introduction to WWW
• Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, invented the World Wide Web
(WWW) in 1989, while working at CERN. The Web was originally
conceived and developed to meet the demand for automated
information-sharing between scientists in universities and institutes
around the world.
• The World Wide Web also known as the web, refers to all the public
websites or pages that users can access on their local computers and
other devices through the internet. These pages and documents are
interconnected by means of hyperlinks that users click on for
information.
 Web Engineering (WE)
Web engineering is the study of the process, used to create high
quality Web-based applications.
Web engineering draws heavily on the principles and management
activities found in software engineering processes.
Web engineering extends Software Engineering to Web applications.
 What is Web Engineering (WE)
• Web Engineering – is the application of systematic, disciplined, and
quantifiable approaches to the design, production, deployment,
operation, maintenance and evolution of Web-based software
products. [Gaedke, 2000]
Web Engineering (WE)
 Offers systematic approaches and disciplined processes for web development
and cost effective analysis of web applications
 Deals with the management of complexity and diversity of web development
 Brings to Web-based system development
 Control
 Risk minimization
 Enhanced maintainability and quality
 WE discipline
 Systems analysis and design.
 Software engineering.
 Hypermedia/hypertext engineering.
 Requirements engineering.
 Human‐computer interaction.
 User interface.
 Information engineering.
 Information indexing and retrieval.
 Testing.
 Modeling and simulation.
 Project management.
 Graphic design and presentation.
 Key Technologies in Web
Engineering
• Front-End Technologies:
• HTML: Defines the structure and content of web pages.
• CSS: Controls the visual appearance and layout of web pages.
• JavaScript: Adds interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages.
• Back-End Technologies:
• Server-side languages: Process user requests and generate web page content
(e.g., PHP, Python, Java).
• Databases: Store and manage website data.
• Web frameworks: Provide tools and libraries to simplify web development
(e.g., Django, Spring).
 The Web Development Process
• Planning & Requirements: Define website goals, target audience, and
features.
• Design: Create user-friendly and visually appealing layouts and prototypes.
• Development: Implement the website functionality using appropriate
technologies.
• Testing: Ensure functionality, usability, and performance through rigorous
testing.
• Deployment: Make the website accessible to the public on a web server.
• Maintenance: Update, fix bugs, and improve the website over time.
 Benefits of Web Engineering
• Reach a Global Audience: Share your information, products, or
services with the world.
• Enhance Communication & Collaboration: Connect with
customers, partners, and team members easily.
• Boost Efficiency & Productivity: Automate tasks and streamline
processes.
• Drive Innovation & Creativity: Develop interactive and engaging user
experiences.
• Increase Sales & Revenue: Create online stores and marketing
platforms.
Categories of Web Applications
• Static Web Applications
• Dynamic WEB application
 Static Web Applications
• These are the simplest types of web applications built using HTML
and CSS, suitable for creating portfolios or digital brochures.
• As the name suggests, the content only changes if manually updated
by the developer.
• Static web applications are straightforward to create and host, as they
don’t require extensive server-side processing.
• This option is a cost-effective solution for individuals or small
businesses needing a simple online presence.
• However, their simplicity also means limited functionality.
 Dynamic Web Applications
• In contrast, dynamic web applications are more complex and interactive.
• They use client-side and server-side scripts (like JavaScript, PHP, ASP, or
JSP) to generate content in real-time.
• These web application categories are connected to a database, allowing
them to provide personalized experiences based on user interactions
and preferences.
• They’re ideal for businesses, especially if your top priorities are user
engagement and content variability.
• Due to their complexity, dynamic web applications are more challenging
to develop and maintain.