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The document explains access modifiers in PHP, detailing three types: public, protected, and private, which control the accessibility of properties and methods. It illustrates these concepts with examples of a Fruit class, demonstrating how different access modifiers affect property and method access. Additionally, it covers inheritance in object-oriented programming, showing how a child class can inherit properties and methods from a parent class using the extends keyword.

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9 views6 pages

Web 4

The document explains access modifiers in PHP, detailing three types: public, protected, and private, which control the accessibility of properties and methods. It illustrates these concepts with examples of a Fruit class, demonstrating how different access modifiers affect property and method access. Additionally, it covers inheritance in object-oriented programming, showing how a child class can inherit properties and methods from a parent class using the extends keyword.

Uploaded by

akkhanyar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Access modifiers:

• Properties and methods can have access modifiers which control where they can be
accessed.
• There are three access modifiers:
• public - the property or method can be accessed from everywhere. This is default
• protected - the property or method can be accessed within the class and by classes
derived from that class
• private - the property or method can ONLY be accessed within the class
• In the following example we have added three different access modifiers to three properties
• (name, color, and weight). Here, if you try to set the name property it will work fine
• (because the name property is public, and can be accessed from everywhere).
• However, if you try to set the color or weight property it will result in
• a fatal error (because the color and weight property are protected and private):

• class Fruit {
• public $name;
• protected $color;
• private $weight;
• }
• $mango = new Fruit();
• $mango->name = 'Mango'; // OK
• $mango->color = 'Yellow'; // ERROR
• $mango->weight = '300'; // ERROR
• class Fruit {
• public $name;
• public $color;
• public $weight;
• function set_name($n) { // a public function (default)
• $this->name = $n;
• }
• protected function set_color($n) { // a protected function
• $this->color = $n;
• }
• private function set_weight($n) { // a private function
• $this->weight = $n;
• }
• }
• $mango = new Fruit();
• $mango->set_name('Mango'); // OK
• $mango->set_color('Yellow'); // ERROR
PHP OOP - Inheritance
• Inheritance in OOP = When a class derives from another class.

• The child class will inherit all the public and protected
• properties and methods from the parent class.
• In addition, it can have its own properties and methods.

• An inherited class is defined by using the extends keyword.


class Fruit {
public $name;
public $color;
public function __construct($name, $color) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->color = $color;
}
public function intro() {
echo "The fruit is {$this->name} and the color is {$this->color}.";
} }
// Strawberry is inherited from Fruit
class Strawberry extends Fruit {
public function message() {
echo "Am I a fruit or a berry? ";
} }
$strawberry = new Strawberry("Strawberry", "red");
$strawberry->message();
$strawberry->intro();
• class Fruit {
• public $name;
• public $color;
• public function __construct($name, $color) {
• $this->name = $name;
• $this->color = $color;
• }
• protected function intro() {
• echo "The fruit is {$this->name} and the color is {$this->color}.";
• } }
• class Strawberry extends Fruit {
• public function message() {
• echo "Am I a fruit or a berry? ";
• } }
• // Try to call all three methods from outside class
• $strawberry = new Strawberry("Strawberry", "red"); // OK. __construct() is public
• $strawberry->message(); // OK. message() is public
• $strawberry->intro(); // ERROR. intro() is protected

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