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Lect 3 FNL

The document explains the use of IF-ELSE conditions and loops in Assembly Language, specifically using the 8086 emulator. It details how to implement IF-ELSE structures using CMP and conditional jumps, as well as methods for creating loops. The importance of practice and visualization in mastering these concepts is emphasized.

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9 views15 pages

Lect 3 FNL

The document explains the use of IF-ELSE conditions and loops in Assembly Language, specifically using the 8086 emulator. It details how to implement IF-ELSE structures using CMP and conditional jumps, as well as methods for creating loops. The importance of practice and visualization in mastering these concepts is emphasized.

Uploaded by

akkhanyar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Title

• IF-ELSE Conditions and LOOPS in Assembly


Language
Introduction
• Assembly Language: Low-level programming.
• Today’s Focus:
• - IF-ELSE Structures
• - Conditions (Comparisons)
• - LOOPS
• Emulator: 8086 (EMU8086)
Conditions in Assembly
• Assembly does NOT have direct IF-ELSE.
• We use:
• - CMP Instruction (Compare)
• - Conditional Jumps (JE, JNE, JG, JL, JGE, JLE)
• Example:
• CMP AX, BX
• JE EqualLabel
CMP Instruction
• CMP destination, source
• Operation: destination - source
• Sets Flags (Zero Flag, Sign Flag, etc.)
• Next instruction checks those flags.
Conditional Jump Instructions
• JE: Jump if Equal
• JNE: Jump if Not Equal
• JG: Jump if Greater
• JL: Jump if Less
• JGE: Jump if Greater or Equal
• JLE: Jump if Less or Equal
How IF-ELSE works
• Step-by-Step:
• 1. Compare two values with CMP
• 2. Use conditional jump to 'IF' part
• 3. Use JMP to skip 'ELSE'
• Example:
• CMP AX, BX
• JE IF_Block
• ; ELSE Block
• JMP End_If
• IF_Block:
• ; IF Code
• End_If:
Simple IF Example
• MOV AX, 5
• MOV BX, 5
• CMP AX, BX
• JNE Lahore ; IF Block

• MOV CX, 1
• JMP EndIf
• Lahore:
• MOV CX, 0
• EndIf:
Simple IF-ELSE Example
• MOV AL, 10
• MOV BL, 5
• CMP AL, BL
• JG Greater
• MOV CL, 0
• JMP EndIf
• Greater:
• MOV CL, 1
• EndIf:
Introduction to Loops
• Repeat a block of code multiple times.
• Methods:
• - Using LOOP instruction
• - Using Counter and Conditional Jumps
LOOP Instruction
• Syntax:
• MOV CX, count
• Label:
• ; Code
• LOOP Label
• Each LOOP:
• - Decrements CX
• - Jumps to Label if CX != 0
Simple LOOP Example
• MOV CX, 5
• PrintStar:
• ; Print '*'
• LOOP PrintStar
Loop Using Jumps Example
• MOV CX, 3
• Label:
• ; Do Something
• DEC CX
• JNZ Label
Summary
• Assembly uses CMP and Jumps instead of
direct IF-ELSE.
• Loops use LOOP or manual decrement + jump.
• Practice is key to mastering flow control.
Tips for 8086 Emulator
• - Step-by-step run (Trace)
• - Watch Registers and Flags
• - Set Breakpoints to debug
Thank You!
• Practice small examples.
• Visualize with Flowcharts.
• Questions?

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