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Genmath Day1 1

This document provides an overview of functions in mathematics, defining relations, functions, and their representations through ordered pairs, mapping diagrams, and graphs. It explains the vertical line test for identifying functions and includes various examples of real-life situations modeled by functions, including piecewise functions. Additionally, it presents exercises for the reader to practice defining functions based on given scenarios.

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24 views30 pages

Genmath Day1 1

This document provides an overview of functions in mathematics, defining relations, functions, and their representations through ordered pairs, mapping diagrams, and graphs. It explains the vertical line test for identifying functions and includes various examples of real-life situations modeled by functions, including piecewise functions. Additionally, it presents exercises for the reader to practice defining functions based on given scenarios.

Uploaded by

p23415325
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General Mathematics

Lesson 1: Functions
DEFINITION
A relation is a rule that relates values from a
set of values (called the domain) to a second
set of values (called the range).
A relation is a set of ordered pairs (x,y).
A function is a relation where each element
in the domain is related to only one value in
the range by some rule.
A function is a set of ordered pairs (x,y)
such that no two ordered pairs have the
same x-value but different y-values.
Using functional notation, we can write
f(x) = y, read as “f of x is equal to y.” In
particular, if (1, 2) is an ordered pair
associated with the function f, then we
say that f(2) = 1.
Example 1. Which of the following relations are functions?
Relations and functions can be
represented by mapping diagrams
where the elements of the domain are
mapped to the elements of the range
using arrows. In this case, the relation
or function is represented by the set
of all the connections represented by
the arrows.
Example 2. Which of the following mapping diagrams represent
functions?
A relation between two sets of numbers can
be illustrated by a graph in the Cartesian
plane, and that a function passes the vertical
line test.
The Vertical Line Test
A graph represents a function if and only if each vertical
line intersects the graph at most once.
Example 3. Which of the following can be graphs of
functions?
DEFINITION

The domain of a relation


is the set of all possible
values that the variable x
can take.
Example 4. Identify
the domain for each
relation using set
builder notation.
Try these!
Try these!
Try these!
Try these!
SEATWORK/ASSIGNMENT
Functions as representations of real-life
situations
Functions can often be used to model
real situations. Identifying an
appropriate functional model will lead
to a better understanding of various
phenomena.
Example 1. Give a function C that
can represent the cost of buying x
meals, if one meal costs P40.
Example 2. One hundred meters of fencing is
available to enclose a rectangular area next
to a river (see figure). Give a function A that
can represent the area that can be enclosed,
in terms of x.
Example 3
Contaminated water is subjected to a
cleaning process. The concentration of
pollutants is initially 10 mg per liter of water. If
the cleaning process can reduce the pollutant
by 5% each hour, define a function that can
represent the concentration of pollutants in
the water in terms of the number of hours that
the cleaning process has taken place.
Piecewise functions.
Some situations can only be
described by more than one
formula, depending on the
value of the independent
variable.
Example 4. A user is charged P300 monthly
for a particular mobile plan, which includes
100 free text messages. Messages in excess
of 100 are charged P1 each. Represent the
monthly cost for text messaging using the
function t(m), where m is the number of
messages sent in a month.
Example 5. A jeepney ride costs
P8.00 for the first 4 kilometers, and
each additional integer kilometer adds
P2.00 to the fare. Use a piecewise
function to represent the jeepney fare
in terms of the distance (d) in
kilometers.
MORE EXAMPLES!!
1. Squares of side x are cut from each corner of an 8 in x
5 in rectangle (see figure), so that its sides can be folded
to make a box with no top. Define a function in terms of x
that can represent the volume of this box.
MORE EXAMPLES!!

2. A certain chocolate bar costs P35.00


per piece. However, if you buy more
than 10 pieces, they will be marked
down to a price of P32.00 per piece.
Use a piecewise function to represent
the cost in terms of the number of
chocolate bars bought.
MORE EXAMPLES!!

3. A school’s fair committee wants to sell t-shirts


for their school fair. They found a supplier that
sells t-shirts at a price of P175.00 a piece but
can charge P15,000 for a bulk order of 100 shirts
and P125.00 for each excess t-shirt after that.
Use a piecewise function to represent the cost in
terms of the number of t-shirts purchased.
MORE EXAMPLES!!

4. The fee to park in the parking lot of a shopping


mall costs P40.00 for the first two hours and an
extra P10.00 for each hour (or a fraction of it)
after that. If you park for more than twelve hours,
you instead pay a flat rate of P200.00. Represent
your parking fee using the function p(t) where t is
the number of hours you parked in the mall.
MORE EXAMPLES!!

A canned drink will be made using


40 in2 of aluminum. Let r be the
radius of the can and let h be the
height. Define a function in terms
of r that can represent the volume
of the can.
Its your Turn

A person is earning P600 per


day to do a certain job.
Express the total salary S as
a function of the number n of
days that the person works.
Its your Turn

A computer shop charges 20 pesos per


hour (or a fraction of an hour) for the first
two hours and an additional 10 pesos per
hour for each succeeding hour.
Represent your computer rental fee using
the function R(t) where t is the number of
hours you spent on the computer.
Its your Turn

A taxi ride costs P40.00 for the first


500 meters, and each additional 300
meters (or a fraction thereof) adds
P3.50 to the fare. Use a piecewise
function to represent the taxi fare in
terms of the distance d in meters.

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