Empowerme

nt
Technology

Mr. Derick Ray A.

Gonzales
Compute
r
Hardwar
e
Computer hardware includes the
physical parts of a computer, such as
the case, central processing
unit (CPU), monitor, mouse, keyboar
d, computer data storage, graphics
card, sound card, speaker and
motherboard.

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Hardwa
re
Refers to the tangible (things you
can touch) components of a computer
system. Hardware components are further
divided into three groups namely
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• System Unit

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 INPUT DEVICES
Performs the two most basic
computing tasks:

• issuing commands and

• entering data.

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INPUT
DEVICES
Common input devices are the following:
Mouse – is a hand-clicked device used for pointing.

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INPUT
DEVICES
Common input devices are the following:

Keyboard – is a standard input device of most computers.

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INPUT
DEVICES
Common input devices are the following:

Joystick – is an input device which is commonly used for

computer games.

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INPUT
DEVICES
Common input devices are the following:

Light pen – a device used to draw, write, or issue commands

when it touches a specially designed screen.

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OUTPUT DEVICES
After processing the data fed into
computer with the use of input devices, the
information must now be outputted in a form
understood by human beings. Output devices are
classified according to the output they can
produce. An output which you can hold in your
hand is called hard copy. Output types such as
audio and video are referred to as soft copy.

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OUTPUT
DEVICES
The following are output devices used.

Headphones - play sounds transmitted as electrical

signals from the sound card.

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OUTPUT
DEVICES
The following are output devices used.

Video Monitors - is used to provide soft copy

output.

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OUTPUT
DEVICES
The following are output devices used.

Printer - an output device that produces text and

graphics on paper

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
The system unit is the part of the
computer which is responsible for
accepting and processing the data
brought in by the input devices. It
also responsible for passing the
resulting information to the users
via the output devices.
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THE SYSTEM UNIT
The Main Circuit Board - Also called the
“system board”, ”mother board” is the main
printed circuit board in an electronic device,
which contains sockets that accept additional
boards. In a personal computer, the
motherboard contains the bus, CPU and
coprocessor sockets, memory sockets,
keyboard controller and supporting chips.

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MOTHERBOARD

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
Port – is a connection from the main circuit
board to a peripheral device such as a
keyboard, a printer or a video monitor. The
port is also called an interface. Ports are
arranged at the rear of the main circuit
board.

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 PORT

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
The Bus. is responsible for transporting electronic signals
from place to place or specific predefined routes.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
The CPU(Central Processing Unit) – is the computer’s
processor, controller and storage device.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
Case and Power Supply – is also known as the system unit,
the case or system cabinet is the box that houses the
processor chip (CPU), the memory chips, and the
motherboard with power supply, as drive, and CD-ROM or
DVD drive. It include a power supply unit and a fan to keep
the circuitry free from overheating.

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Power Supply Cables and
Connectors
P1 (PC Main / ATX connector) -The primary
task of the Power Supply Unit (PSU) is to provide
your motherboard with power. This is done via
the 20-pins or 24-pins connector.

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Power Supply Cables and
Connectors
P4 (EPS Connector) - At some point in time
the motherboard’s pins were no longer sufficient
to provide the processor (cpu) with power. With
overclocked cpu’s drawing as much as 200W a
need to provide power directly to the CPU was
created. Nowadays it is the P4, or EPS
connector, to provide the cpu with power.

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Power Supply Cables and
Connectors
The PCIe 6+2-pin connector is a power
connector that connects the PSU to the graphics
card (GPU). It supplies power to the GPU, which
is one of the most power-hungry components in
your PC.

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Power Supply Cables and
Connectors
Molex (4 Pin Peripheral Connector) - Molex
connectors have been around for a very long
time and can deliver 5V (red) or 12V (Yellow) to
hardware peripherals. In the past these guys
were often used to connect Hard drives, CD-ROM
players, etc. Even some graphics cards like the
Geforce 7800 GS were equipped with Molex.

However their power draw is limited so

nowadays most of their purpose has been
replaced by PCI-E cables and SATA cables. All
that is left is powering case fans.
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Power Supply Cables and
Connectors
SATA Connector - The SATA power connector is
a power connector that connects the PSU to the
storage devices, such as hard disk drives
(HDDs), solid state drives (SSDs), or optical
drives. It supplies power to the storage devices,
which need power to read and write data.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
Clock – it synchronizes the operation of
all parts of the PC, and provides the
basic timing signal for the CPU.
Memory – The memory in a computer
system is of two fundamental types: The
main memory and the secondary
memory.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
Clock – it synchronizes the operation of
all parts of the PC, and provides the
basic timing signal for the CPU.
Memory – The memory in a computer
system is of two fundamental types: The
main memory and the secondary
memory.

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MAIN MEMORY
RAM-(Random Access Memory) is a group of memory chips,
typically of the dynamic RAM (DRAM) type, which function
as the computer's primary workspace.

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 MAIN MEMORY
BIOS – The BIOS (Basic Input / Output
System) BIOS stands for "Basic Input/Output
System." It is a firmware used to initialize and
test system hardware components and load
an operating system or other software when
a computer is turned on.

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 MAIN MEMORY
CMOS – stores the configuration of the PC
(example the password, disk type, amount of
memory installed, current time and data).
CMOS stands for Complimentary Metal-Oxide
Semiconductor.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
Secondary Memory – Secondary
memory is where programs and data
are kept for a long term basis. Common
secondary storage devices are the
floppy disk, hard disk drive and solid
state drive.

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SECONDARY MEMORY
FLOPPY DISK – (or diskette) is as flimsy as a sheet of
paper but is protected by a sturdy, square jacket
that encases it. It has a low capacity, and is it very,
very slow compared to other storage devices

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SECONDARY MEMORY
HARD-DISK DRIVE – A hard-disk drive is a storage
device that store billons of characters of data on a
non-removable disk platter.

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SECONDARY MEMORY
SSD (Solid-State Drive) - is a solid-state
storage device that uses integrated
circuit assemblies to store data persistently,
typically using flash memory, and functioning
as secondary storage in the hierarchy of computer
storage.

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SECONDARY MEMORY
CD-ROM/DVD DRIVE – A CD (computer disk) drive,
or its more recent variant, a DVD (digital video disk,
is a storage device that use laser technology to read
data from optical disks

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SECONDARY MEMORY
USB Flash Drive– is a data storage device that
includes flash memory with an
integrated USB interface. It is typically
removable, rewritable and much smaller than
an optical disc.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
VIDEO CARD – is a board that is plugged into a
period computer to give it display capabilities. It
connects the processor’s output information into a
video signal that can be sent through a cable to the
monitor.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
SOUND CARD - enhances the computers sound
generating capabilities by allowing sound to be
output through speakers.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
MODEM – A modem is a device that sends and
receives data over telephone lines to and from
computers.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
IDE AND FLOPPY DISK RIBBON CABLE – IDE stands
for Integrate Device Electronics. It shows how to
connect an IDE cable to two devices namely the top
device (master) and the bottom device (slave).

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
SATA cord - Serial ATA (Serial Advanced Technology
Attachment) is a computer bus interface that
connects host bus adapters to mass storage
devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives,
and solid-state drives.

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THE SYSTEM UNIT
POWER CABLES – it supplies power from the power
supply to the drive. The power cables are red,
yellow and black. The yellow wire furnishes 12 volts
of power, the red wire furnishes 5 volts of power,
the two black wire are ground wire for each.

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THANK YOU!

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