Scribd
Upload
9 views25 pages

Lecture 2 AI

The document provides an overview of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), highlighting their definitions, differences from traditional programming, and various types of learning such as supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, and reinforcement learning. It explains how ML algorithms function, including decision processes, error functions, and model optimization, as well as introduces artificial neural networks as a core component of DL. Additionally, it outlines specific algorithms like linear regression and support vector machines.

Uploaded by

Abdul Rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views25 pages

Lecture 2 AI

The document provides an overview of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), highlighting their definitions, differences from traditional programming, and various types of learning such as supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, and reinforcement learning. It explains how ML algorithms function, including decision processes, error functions, and model optimization, as well as introduces artificial neural networks as a core component of DL. Additionally, it outlines specific algorithms like linear regression and support vector machines.

Uploaded by

Abdul Rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Artificial Intellige

nce

Lecture 2
Concept of ML and DL
By. Engr Noor Ul Ain Mushtaq
Department of Computer System
Engineering
MUET Jamshoro
OUTLINE
• What is Machine Learning?
• Difference between Machine learning and
Traditional Programming
• How Machine learning Algorithms work?
• Types of Machine Learning
• Machine learning Algorithms
• What is Deep Learning?
• What is Artifical Neural Network?
• How Deep learning work?
• Types of Deep learning
Machine learning (ML) is a branch
of artificial intelligence (AI) and
computer science that focuses on
the using data and algorithms to
enable AI to imitate the way that
humans learn, gradually improving
What is its accuracy.

Machine Learnin
g? ML applications learn from
experience (or to be accurate, data)
like humans do without direct
programming.
What is Machine Learning?

UC Berkeley breaks out the learning system of a machine learning algorithm into three main
parts:
A Decision Process: In general, machine learning algorithms are used to make a prediction or
classification. Based on some input data, which can be labeled or unlabeled, your algorithm will
produce an estimate about a pattern in the data.
An Error Function: An error function evaluates the prediction of the model. If there are known
examples, an error function can make a comparison to assess the accuracy of the model.
A Model Optimization Process: If the model can fit better to the data points in the training set,
then weights are adjusted to reduce the discrepancy between the known example and the model
estimate. The algorithm will repeat this iterative “evaluate and optimize” process, updating
weights autonomously until a threshold of accuracy has been met
Difference between ML and
Traditional Programming
Machine Learning Traditional Programming
Machine Learning is a subset of artificial intelligence(AI) In traditional programming, rule-based code is written by
that focus on learning from data to develop an algorithm the developers depending on the problem statements.
that can be used to make a prediction.

Machine Learning uses a data-driven approach, It is Traditional programming is typically rule-based and
typically trained on historical data and then used to make deterministic. It hasn’t self-learning features like Machine
predictions on new data Learning and AI.

ML can find patterns and insights in large datasets that Traditional programming is totally dependent on the
might be difficult for humans to discover. intelligence of developers. So, it has very limited capability.
How ML Algorithms
work?
Types of Machine Learning
Supervised Learning:

Supervised learning is defined as when a model gets trained on


a “Labelled Dataset”. Since the data is known, the learning is,
therefore, supervised.
Supervised Learning:
Supervised Learning

There are two main categories of supervised learning that are mentioned below:
• Classification
• Regression
Classification deals with predicting categorical target variables. i.e classifying
emails as spam or not spam, or predicting whether a patient has a high risk of heart
disease.
Regression on the other hand, deals with predicting continuous target
variables. i.e For example, predicting the price of a house based on its size,
forecasting the sales of a product.
Unsupervised Learning:

Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning technique in


which an algorithm discovers patterns and relationships using unlabeled
data.
Unsupervised Learning:
Unsupervised Learning:

There are two main categories of unsupervised learning that are mentioned below:
• Clustering
• Association
Clustering

Clustering is the process of grouping data points into clusters based on their
similarity.
Association rule learning is a technique for discovering relationships between
items in a dataset
Semi-Supervised Learning

Semi-Supervised Learning is a machine learning algorithm


that works between the supervised and unsupervised learning
so it uses both labelled and unlabelled data. It’s
particularly useful when obtaining labeled data is costly, time-
consuming, or resource-intensive.
Semi-
Supervised Learning
Reinforcement Machine Learning

Reinforcement Learning algorithm is a learning method that


interacts with the environment by producing actions and
discovering errors. Trial, error, and delay are the most
relevant characteristics of reinforcement learning.
Reinforcement Learnin
g
Machine Learning Algorithms:

Linear Regression: is a statistical method that is used to predict a


continuous dependent variable(target variable) based on one or more
independent variables(predictor variables). This technique assumes a
linear relationship between the dependent and independent variables.
Machine Learning Algorithm:

Support vector machine (SVM) is a supervised machine learning algorithm that classifies
data by finding an optimal line or hyperplane that maximizes the distance between each
class in an N-dimensional space.
Difference Between ML a
nd DL
What is Deep Learning?

Deep learning is that it is the branch of machine learning that is based


on artificial neural network architecture. An artificial neural network or
ANN uses layers of interconnected nodes called neurons that work
together to process and learn from the input data.
Artificial Neural Network
How Deep Learning work?
Types of Deep Learning

Convolutional Neural Network:


Recurrent Neural Networks:

You might also like