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CNC Tut

The document explains the Polar Coordinate system in CNC programming, specifically the G15 and G16 codes, which utilize radial distance and angular direction for precise machining. It highlights real-world applications in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and medical device manufacturing, where complex geometries are required. Additionally, it covers cutter radius compensation, which adjusts for tool wear to maintain accuracy in machining processes.

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Mili Prajapati
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15 views10 pages

CNC Tut

The document explains the Polar Coordinate system in CNC programming, specifically the G15 and G16 codes, which utilize radial distance and angular direction for precise machining. It highlights real-world applications in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and medical device manufacturing, where complex geometries are required. Additionally, it covers cutter radius compensation, which adjusts for tool wear to maintain accuracy in machining processes.

Uploaded by

Mili Prajapati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Polar Coordinate system in NC –

G15,G16

 It uses a radial distance and an angular direction to locate any point.


 The origin point, or zero point, is usually at the center of the workpiece or the machine
table.
 To move the tool or the workpiece, you need to specify the radius and the angle from the
zero point.
 Polar coordinates are used for operations that involve complex geometries and rotational
movements.

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• When using Polar Coordinates, the angle is expressed in degrees counter-clockwise from the X
axis as shown in the diagram.

2
Applications of G 15/16 in Real-World Scenarios
The G15 code is widely used in industries that rely on precision machining.
Some examples are:
• Manufacturing for Aerospace: Here, G15 allows accurate milling of intricate
shapes needed for turbine blades or airframe structures which have very tight
tolerances.
• Automotive industry: In the automotive sector where they make parts with
complex profiles such as camshafts and crankshafts so as to achieve balance
in engine assemblies.
• Production of Medical Devices: For medical implants and devices which often
require tight tolerances along with complicated geometrical features; G15
helps to meet these requirements faster.
• Tool & Die Making: Progressive dies and molds used in this industry must
have precise curves and contours which are necessary for high-quality
stamped components production. 3
 CNC program for hexagonal milling

• N1 G40 G80 G49 G69 G50 • N14 Y0


• N2 G90 G94 G21 • N15 G15
• N16 G00 Z50 M05
• N3 M03 S1000
• N17 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
• N4 G54 G00 XO YO • N18 M30
• N5 G43 H1 Z1
• N6 G16 G90 G17
• N7 G01 X40 Y0 F60
• N8 G01 Z-2 F60
• N9 Y60
• N10 Y120
• N11 Y180
• N12 Y240
• N13 Y300

4
• Try Yourself

5
Cutter Radius Compensation
• Cutter radius compensation is a feature in CNC programming that accounts for the radius of the
cutting tool when machining contours or profiles.
• This ensures the tool moves to the correct position relative to the programmed path, allowing for
precise cutting.
• With cutter radius compensation, the programmer can use the coordinates of the work surface,
not the tool’s centerline path, so eliminating the need for many calculations.

•G40: Cancel cutter radius compensation.


•G41: Activate cutter radius compensation to the left of the programmed path.
•G42: Activate cutter radius compensation to the right of the programmed path.

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• When a tool is used repeatedly, it gradually wears down. This means its actual cutting
radius becomes smaller than its original size. If we don’t adjust for this, the machined part
may become slightly larger or inaccurate.
• How CRC helps: Instead of changing the entire CNC program, the operator can just update
the tool offset value in the CNC machine.
• Imagine you are using a tool with a 10 mm diameter, but it gets damaged. You replace it
with another tool, but the new one has a 9.8 mm diameter due to manufacturing
tolerances. If you don’t adjust for this difference, the final part may be slightly different
from what you need.
• How CRC helps: Instead of rewriting the CNC program to account for the new tool size, the
operator just updates the tool offset value in the CNC machine. This automatically shifts
the toolpath so the part is still machined correctly.

7
N10 G21
N20 G90
N30 T1 M06
N40 G00 X-15 Y-15
N50 G41 G01 X0 Y0 F100 S1000 M03 D10
N60 G01 Y40
N70 G01 X30 Y80
N80 G01 X60
N90 G02 X100 Y40 R40
N100 G01 Y30
N110 G03 X70 Y0 R30
N120 G01 X0
N130 G00 X-15 Y-15
N140 M30

8
Try Yourself !

G72- Stock Removal cycle


G90-Taper Turning

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Solution
N010 G21 G40 G98 (Finishing cycle)
N020 G28 U0 W0 N190 G70 P90 Q180
N030 M06 T0404 N200 G28 U0 W0
N040 M03 S1200 N210 M05
N050 G00 X31 Z5 N220 M30
N060 G01 Z0

(Multiple facing cycle)


N070 G72 U0.5 R1
N080 G72 P90 Q180 U0.2 W0.2
F30
N090 G01 Z-22.5 F40
N100 X30
N110 X26
N120 Z-17.5
N130 X20 Z-15
N140 Z-10
N150 G02 X10 Z-5 R5 F40
N160 G01 Z-2.5 F50
N170 X5 Z0
N180 Z0
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