Testing Web Applications

AGENDA
D Introduction to web testing
D Web architecture
D Web testing challenges
D Web testing approach
 Types of
[
applications
Desktop application - runs on personal
computers and work stations.
[ Client server application - have two different
components to test. Application is loaded on server
machine while the application executes on every
client machine. This environment is mostly used in
Intranet networks.
L Mobile applications - runs on mobile platforms
[ Web application - is loaded on the servers whose
location may or may not be known and accessible
via Browser.
 World Wide Web

□The World Wide Web is a system of

interlinked hypertext documents and other
resources accessed via the Internet
□The Internet is a global system of
interconnected computer
networks
□The Web can be thought of as an
application 'running' on the Internet
 Web-based
11
Application
Application: Application is computer software
designed to perform specific tasks.
II Web technologies: programming
languages and other computer technology
intended for the use across networks like
HTML, CSS, JS, Java etc.
n Network: The internet or intranet.
LJ Browser: Firefox, Chrome, Safari,
Opera, Internet Explorer and various
others.
 Web-based
11
Application
Application: Application is computer software
designed to perform specific tasks.
II Web technologies: programming
languages and other computer technology
intended for the use across networks like
HTML, CSS, JS, Java etc.
n Network: The internet or intranet.
LJ Browser: Firefox, Chrome, Safari,
Opera, Internet Explorer and various
others.
 Web-based
11
Application
Application: Application is computer software
designed to perform specific tasks.
II Web technologies: programming
languages and other computer technology
intended for the use across networks like
HTML, CSS, JS, Java etc.
n Network: The internet or intranet.
LJ Browser: Firefox, Chrome, Safari,
Opera, Internet Explorer and various
others.
Pr ese,nt'a DataAooes Busin
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logic logic
 Web Architecture
3-tier architecture is general architecture in
software development and it consists of:
- Presentation layer (client browser)
- Application or Business logic layer
- Data Layer
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3 -Tier Architecture and
Processes
User Interface The user interface of the application.
Tier The main function Is to show something
Client the user can understand and reply to
0 ne ConnectMty user action.

"
-
Tier
Tw0
"
Application Logic
Conn ec
Database Connectivity
Appli c a t i o n
Ser Ver
The layer processes the business logic
of the application (calculations, logical
decisions, data processing, ...).

'
Tier
Three
ti ""
RD
vity
Data
Database
Server
Where the Information Is stored. The
Information is passed back to the
business logic on query.

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 Challenges in Web
Testing
Advanced Web Technology - QA continuously update
their technical knowledge and skills.
Poor Bandwidth or Slow Network - load/stress testing
Web Applications Deployment - regression testing
Limited Web Testing Schedule - test planning
Data Integrity - security testing
ADA compliant (Americans with Disabilities Act) -
accessibility and usability testing
Platforms/Browsers - compatibility testing
 Challenges in Web
Testing
Advanced Web Technology - QA continuously update
their technical knowledge and skills.
Poor Bandwidth or Slow Network - load/stress testing
Web Applications Deployment - regression testing
Limited Web Testing Schedule - test planning
Data Integrity - security testing
ADA compliant (Americans with Disabilities Act) -
accessibility and usability testing
Platforms/Browsers - compatibility testing
I have a Web Test what next?

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 Functionality Testing : Links

Links to be checked will include:

Outgoing links
Internal links
Anchor Links
MailTo Links
Functionality Testing : Forms
JavaScript data validation
Error handling .
Check default values are
being populated
Once submitted , the data in the forms is
submitted to a live database or is linked to an
working email address
Forms are optimally formatted for better
readability
 Functionality Testing : Cookies
Cookies are small files used by websites to
primarily remember active user sessions.
11Testing cookies (sessions) are deleted either
when cache is cleared or when they reach their
•
expiry.
□Delete cookies (sessions) and test that login
credentials are asked for when you next visit
the
site.
 Functionality Testing : HTML, CSS

D Checking for Syntax Errors

D Readable Color Schemas
D Standard Compliance:
• W3C,
• OASIS,
• IETF,
• ISO,
• ECMA,
Functionality Testing: workflow

Testing end - to - end workflow/ business

scenarios which takes the user through a series
of webpage's to complete.

Test negative scenarios as well , such that when

a user executes an unexpected step ,
appropriate error message or help is shown on
the web application.
 Usability and GUI testing:

Navigation:
D Menus , buttons or Links should be
easily visible and consistent on all
webpages
Content:
D Content should be legible with no
spelling or grammatical errors.
D Images should contain an "alt" text
 Database Testing

Test if any errors are shown while executing

.
queries
Data Integrity is maintained while creating ,
updating or deleting data in database.
Check response time of queries and fine tune
them if necessary.
Test data retrieved from your database is shown
accurately in your web application
 Compatibility testing:
Cross platforms/Browsers
• Website works for various combination of
Operating systems such as Windows , Linux ,
Mac
Browsers such as Firefox , Internet Explorer
Safari etc.
Correct rendering of web elements like buttons ,
text fields, images and etc.
 Windo\v s XP W i n d o w s Vista Windo\•1s 2003 Windows 2000 Mac i nt os h

IE7 ./ ./ N/A N/A

IE6

FF2
./
./
./
., N/A
./
.,
N/A ./
./
FF ./ ./ ./
3
Safari 3.0 ./ ./ ./
O per a 9. 24 ./ ./ ./ ./
./
./
./
./
./
 Performance Testing:
Website application response times at different
connection speeds
Load test your web application to determine its behavior
under normal and peak loads
Stress test your web site to determine its break point
when pushed to beyond normal loads at peak time.
Test if a crash occurs due to peak load , how does the
site recover from such an event
Make sure optimization techniques like gzip
compression , browser and server side cache enabled
to reduce load times
 Security testing
L Test unauthorized access to secure pages
should not be permitted
1 Restricted files shouId not be
downloadable without appropriate access
[ Check sessions are automatically killed
after prolonged user inactivity
L On use of SSL certificates , website
should re-direct to encrypted SSL pages.
 Network: TCP/IP
IP - Internet Protocol

IP takes care of the communication with other

computers.

IP is responsible for the sending and receiving

data packets over the Internet.
 Network: TCP/IP
IP - Internet Protocol

IP takes care of the communication with other

computers.

IP is responsible for the sending and receiving

data packets over the Internet.
 Network: TCP/IP
IP - Internet Protocol

IP takes care of the communication with other

computers.

IP is responsible for the sending and receiving

data packets over the Internet.
 Network:
HTTP
HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

HTTP takes care of the communication between a

web server and a web browser.

HTTP is used for sending requests from a web

client (a browser) to a web server, returning web
content (web pages) from the server back to the
client.
 Network: HTTPS
HTTPS - Secure HTTP
HTTPS takes care of secure communication
between a web server and a web browser.
HTTPS typically handles sensitive data: credit card
transactions, personal data
SSL - Secure Sockets Layer
The SSL protocol is used for encryption of data for
secure data transmission.
 I
I n t e r n e t layer I
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Link la y er
 Server
■ FTP Serverstypes
- One of the oldest of the
Internet services, File Transfer Protocol makes
it possible to move one or more files securely
between computers while providing file security
and organization as well as transfer control.
■ In Database servers, clients passes SOL
(Structured Query Language) requests as
messages to the server and the results of the
query are returned over the network. The code
that processes the SOL request and the data
resides on the server allowing it to use its own
processing power to find the requested data,
rather than pass all the records back to a client
and let it find its own data as was the case for
the file server...
 Server
■ FTP Serverstypes
- One of the oldest of the
Internet services, File Transfer Protocol makes
it possible to move one or more files securely
between computers while providing file security
and organization as well as transfer control.
■ In Database servers, clients passes SOL
(Structured Query Language) requests as
messages to the server and the results of the
query are returned over the network. The code
that processes the SOL request and the data
resides on the server allowing it to use its own
processing power to find the requested data,
rather than pass all the records back to a client
and let it find its own data as was the case for
the file server...
 Complication specific to
Web application
s
The browser's 'Back' button can complicate
the dependent relationship between pages
in Web application, especially with orphan
pages.

E.g. pressing Back button rather than

submission button will cause a loss of
uncommitted data.
 Complication specific to
Web application
s
The browser's 'Back' button can complicate
the dependent relationship between pages
in Web application, especially with orphan
pages.

E.g. pressing Back button rather than

submission button will cause a loss of
uncommitted data.
 Complication specific to
Web application
s
The browser's 'Back' button can complicate
the dependent relationship between pages
in Web application, especially with orphan
pages.

E.g. pressing Back button rather than

submission button will cause a loss of
uncommitted data.
 Checklist: Error
messages
■Messages (both messages boxes, beeps,
blinking error images etc.) must be consistent
across web application and user-friendly.
■Error messages shall be tested for clarity and
consistency.
■Client-side error messages are more efficient
than server-side generated ones. Simple errors
shall be handled on client-side.
 Typical defects in Error
■messages
Displaying incorrect error message for
the condition.
■Missing error message.
■ Poorly worded, grammatically
incorrect, misspelled message.
■Message contains information non-
understandable by end-user
■Not-specific error message
■Unnecessary messages
■Inadequate feedback or error communications to
user.
Typical defects in Error messages -
examples
,, - - - - - - - · - . .
■What is wrong . Error!
with
Exception at driver rnodule 23420

Eceptions happen. Sunil1 have a

look!
Ask these questions to yourself
■Does the UI cause deadlocks in communications
with the server?
■ Does the application allow users to recover
from error conditions, or application must be
shut down?
■Does the application offer user adequate
warning and options when error-prone
activities are taking place?
■ Are error message neutral and consistent in
tone and style?