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CS212 - Object Oriented Programming-Week4

The document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including classes and objects, emphasizing the importance of abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. It explains that an object represents a real-world entity with a unique identity, state, and behavior, while a class serves as a template for creating objects. Additionally, it discusses access modifiers and the significance of keeping data fields private for data protection and maintainability.

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mehwish.kiran
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10 views20 pages

CS212 - Object Oriented Programming-Week4

The document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including classes and objects, emphasizing the importance of abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. It explains that an object represents a real-world entity with a unique identity, state, and behavior, while a class serves as a template for creating objects. Additionally, it discusses access modifiers and the significance of keeping data fields private for data protection and maintainability.

Uploaded by

mehwish.kiran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CS212 - Object

Oriented
Programming

Classes and Objects


Mehwish Kiran
[email protected]
We’re going to
Objectville! We’re
leaving this dusty
ol’procedural town for
good.
Object
Oriented
Programming
• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation
Object Oriented concepts

• Object-oriented programming (OOP) involves programming using


objects.
• An object represents an entity in the real world that can be distinctly
identified.
• For example, a student, a desk, a circle, a button, and even a loan can
all be viewed as objects.
• An object has a unique identity, state, and behaviors.
• The state of an object consists of a set of data fields (also known as
properties) with their current values.
• The behavior of an object is defined by a set of methods.
Objects

• An object has both a state and behavior.


• state defines the object, and
• behavior defines what the object does.
Classes

• Class defines a new data type. Once defined, this


new type can be used to create objects of that
type.
• A Java class uses variables to define data fields
and methods to define behaviors.
• Additionally, a class provides a special type of
methods, known as constructors, which are
invoked to construct objects from the class.
Classes & Objects

• A class is a template for an object, and an object


is an instance of a class.
Instance Variables

• Object’s attributes are implemented as instance


variables
• A class’s instance variables maintain data for
each object (that is, each instance) of the class.
• Instance variables are declared inside a class
declaration but outside the bodies of the class’s
methods.
Classes and Objects
Sharpen your pencil
Diff erence between Classes
and Objects
Creating Objects
Access Modifiers

• By default, the class, variable, or method can be accessed by


any class in the same package.
• Public
The class, data, or method is visible to any class in any
package.
• Private
Variables or methods declared with access modifier private
are accessible only to methods of the class in which they’re
declared
Syntax
WHY Data fields should be
private

• To protect data.
• To make class easy to maintain.
• The get and set methods are used to read and
modify private properties.
Question/
Answers

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