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TFCS-2 03 - Computer Network Types

The document categorizes computer networks into four types: Personal Area Network (PAN), Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), and Wide Area Network (WAN). Each type is defined by its size and application, with specific advantages and disadvantages outlined, particularly for WANs which cover large geographical areas. The document also discusses the types and uses of each network type, emphasizing their roles in communication and resource sharing.

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9 views19 pages

TFCS-2 03 - Computer Network Types

The document categorizes computer networks into four types: Personal Area Network (PAN), Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), and Wide Area Network (WAN). Each type is defined by its size and application, with specific advantages and disadvantages outlined, particularly for WANs which cover large geographical areas. The document also discusses the types and uses of each network type, emphasizing their roles in communication and resource sharing.

Uploaded by

chngzfr
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NETWORK TYPES

Najibullah ‘Masoudy’
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NETWORK TYPES

A computer network can be categorized by their size. A computer network is


mainly of four types:

1. PAN (Personal Area Network)


2. LAN (Local Area Network)
3. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
4. WAN (Wide Area Network)

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1. PERSONAL AREA NETWOR (PAN)

A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network for interconnecting


electronic devices within an individual person's workspace.
A PAN provides data transmission among devices such as computers,
smartphones, tablets and personal digital assistants.
PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves, or
for connecting to a higher-level network and the Internet where one master
device takes up the role as gateway.

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PAN

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1.1 TYPES OF PAN

There are two types of Personal Area Network:


1. Wired Personal Area Networks provide short connections between peripherals.
Example technologies include USB, IEEE 1394 and Thunderbolt.
2. Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) is a personal area network in which
the connections are wireless. IEEE 802.15 has produced standards for several
types of PANs operating in the ISM band including Bluetooth. The Infrared
Data Association (IrDA) has produced standards for WPANs that operate
using infrared communications.

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2. LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a group of computers connected within a small


area, such as a building or office, allowing communication between two or more
personal computers through mediums like twisted pair cables or coaxial cables.
It is cost-effective, utilizing inexpensive hardware such as hubs, network adapters,
and Ethernet cables. LANs offer high data transfer speeds and provide enhanced
security, making them an ideal choice for local communication and resource
sharing.

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LAN

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3. METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)

A metropolitan area network is a network that covers a larger geographic area


by interconnecting a different LAN to form a larger network.
Government agencies use MAN to connect to the citizens and private industries.
In MAN, various LANs are connected to each other through a telephone exchange
line. The most widely used protocols in MAN are RS-232, Frame Relay, ATM,
ISDN, OC-3, ADSL, etc. It has a higher range than Local Area Network.

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MAN

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3.1 USES OF METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK

• MAN is used in communication between the banks in a city.


• It can be used in an Airline Reservation.
• It can be used in a college within a city.
• It can also be used for communication in the military.

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4. WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)

A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that covers a large geographical area,
such as states or even countries, and is significantly larger than MAN and spans
vast distances using communication methods like telephone lines, fiber optic
cables, or satellite links. The internet is one of the largest examples of a WAN.
WANs are widely used in various sectors, including business, government, and
education, to connect multiple locations and enable broader communication..

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4.1 TYPES OF WAN
WAN interconnects connecting devices such as switches, routers, or modems.
We see two distinct examples of WANs today:
1. Point-to-Point WAN: A point-to-point WAN is a network that connects two
communicating devices through a transmission medium (cable or air).

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4.1 TYPES OF WAN
2. Switched WAN: A switched WAN is a network with more than two ends. It is
used in the backbone of a global communications network today.

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WAN

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4.2 ADVANTAGES OF WIDE AREA NETWORK

Following are the advantages of the Wide Area Network:


• Geographical area: A Wide Area Network provides a large geographical area.
Suppose if the branch of our office is in a different city then we can
connect with them through WAN. The internet provides a leased line
through which we can connect with another branch.
• Centralized data: In case of WAN network, data is centralized. Therefore, we
do not need to buy the emails, files or back up servers.
• Get updated files: Software companies work on the live server. Therefore, the
programmers get the updated files within seconds.

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4.2 ADVANTAGES OF WIDE AREA NETWORK

• Exchange messages: In a WAN network, messages are transmitted fast. The


web application like Facebook, WhatsApp, Skype allows you to
communicate with friends.
• Sharing of software and resources: In WAN network, we can share the
software and other resources like a hard drive, RAM.
• Global business: We can do the business over the internet globally.
• High bandwidth: If we use the leased lines for our company then this gives
the high bandwidth. The high bandwidth increases the data transfer rate
which in turn increases the productivity of our company.

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4.3 DISADVANTAGES OF WIDE AREA
NETWORK
• Security Issue: A WAN network has more security issues as compared to LAN
and MAN network as all the technologies are combined that creates the
security problem.
• Needs Firewall & Antivirus Software: The data is transferred on the internet
which can be changed or hacked by the hackers, so the firewall needs to be
used. Some people can inject the virus in our system, so antivirus is needed
to protect from such a virus.
• High Setup Cost: An installation cost of the WAN network is high as it involves
the purchasing of routers, switches.
• Troubleshooting Problems: It covers a large area so fixing the problem is
difficult.

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Thank
you!
?

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