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Linux Essential Linux Commands

This document is a comprehensive guide to essential Linux commands, aimed at both beginners and experienced users. It covers various command categories including file management, system processes, user permissions, and software installation, providing examples for over 50 key commands. The guide is designed to enhance users' efficiency in server management, scripting, and troubleshooting.

Uploaded by

Khalid Zulub
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1 views

Linux Essential Linux Commands

This document is a comprehensive guide to essential Linux commands, aimed at both beginners and experienced users. It covers various command categories including file management, system processes, user permissions, and software installation, providing examples for over 50 key commands. The guide is designed to enhance users' efficiency in server management, scripting, and troubleshooting.

Uploaded by

Khalid Zulub
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

University of

Hargeisa
College of Engineering, Computing and IT

Essential Linux
Commands

By: Omar Yahye


Presentation
Outline File and Directory Management
01

02 File Content Editing

03 System and Process

04 User and Permissions


Introduction
• Unlock the full potential of your Linux system with this comprehensive guide to
essential Linux commands. Whether you’re a seasoned administrator or just
starting out, mastering these commands is crucial for efficient server management,
script writing, and troubleshooting.

• In this slide, you will learn the most frequently used and powerful commands for
file management, process control, user access, network configuration, and system
debugging.

• You will learn over 50+ must-know Linux commands that will transform you into a
Linux power user. From basic to advanced, these commands will become your go-
to tools for tackling any task that comes your way.
File and Directory Management

Command Description Example


ls Lists files and directories ls -l
cd Changes the current directory cd /home/user/Documents
pwd Prints the current directory pwd
mkdir Creates a new directory mkdir new_folder
rm Removes files or directories rm file.txt, rm -r folder
cp Copies files or directories cp source.txt destination.txt
mv Moves or renames files or directories mv oldname.txt newname.txt
touch Creates an empty file touch newfile.txt
find Searches for files and directories find / -name "file.txt"
du Shows file/directory size du -sh folder/
Archiving and Compression

Command Description Example


tar Archives/compresses files into .tar/.gz tar -czvf archive.tar.gz
folder/

tar Decompress file tar –xzvf archive.tar.gz –C


folder/
File Content and Editing

Command Description Example


cat Displays file contents cat file.txt
nano Opens a file in a simple text editor nano file.txt
grep Searches inside files for matching text grep "text" file.txt
System and Process Management

Command Description Example


top Displays real-time system and process info top
ps Lists running processes ps aux
kill Terminates a process kill 1234
df Shows disk space usage df -h
history Shows command history history
Software Installation and Package Management

Command Description Example


Package manager for Debian-based
apt sudo apt install vim
systems
Runs command with administrator
sudo sudo apt update
privileges
User and Permission Management Commands

Command Description Example


passwd Change user password. passwd <username>
adduser/ useradd Add a new user. adduser <username> or useradd
<username>
deluser / userdel Delete a user. deluser <username> or userdel
<username>
usermod Modify user account. usermod -aG <group> <username>
groups Show group memberships. groups <username>
sudo Execute commands as root. sudo <command>
chage Change user password expiry chage -l <username>
information.

id Display user identity information. id <username>


newgrp Log in to a new group. newgrp <group>
Permissions and Ownership

Command Description Example


chmod Changes file permissions chmod 755 script.sh
chown Changes file ownership chown user:group file.txt
Help and Documentation

Command Description Example


man Displays manual for a command man ls

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