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Al - Status Flags

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DR. MOHAMED IMRAN MOHAMED ARIFF
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10 views9 pages

Al - Status Flags

Uploaded by

DR. MOHAMED IMRAN MOHAMED ARIFF
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assembly Language

Status Flags
Status Flags

There are six flags covered in the syllabus


• O – overflow
• S – sign
• Z – zero
• A – auxiliary
• C – carry
• P – parity
When an arithmetic operation is carried out, certain flags will be set to
1 or 0 to show the result of the operation.

Not all operations will change the value in the flag register.
Overflow flag

• This flag will show whether the result of an arithmetic operation


is a signed number within range.

• Overflow occurs when:

Bit 6 7 Bit 7 8
1 Carry No carry
2 No carry Carry
• Example:

876543210

Mov al, 04 0000 0100 OF = 1


add al, 7F + 0111 1111 there is a carry
1000 0011 from bit 6 to bit 7,
but no carry from
bit 7 to bit 8.

Mov al, FE 876543210 OF = 1


sub al, 7F 1000 0000 there is a carry
+ 1111 1111 from bit 7 to bit 8,
10111 1111 but no carry from
bit 6 to bit 7.
Sign flag
• This flag will show whether an operation will
result in a negative or positive answer.

• Example:

Mov al, 7F 0111 1111 SF = 1


add al, 04 + 0000 0100 the answer is a
1000 0011 negative number

Mov al, 02 0000 0010 SF = 1


sub al, 04 + 1111 1100 the answer is a
1111 1110 negative number
Zero flag

This flag will show whether the result of arithmetic operation


is zero.

Mov al, 07 0000 0111 ZF = 1


sub al, 07 + 1111 1001 the answer is zero
1 0000 0000

Mov al, 02 0000 0010 ZF = 0


sub al, 04 + 1111 1100 the answer is not
1111 1110 zero
Auxiliary flag

• This flag shows if there is carry or a


borrow into from the low order 4 bits.

Mov al, 0F 0000 1111 AF = 1


add al, 09 + 0000 1001 there is a carry
0001 1000 from the low order
4 bits.

Mov al, 02 0000 0010 AF = 0


sub al, 04 + 1111 1100 there is no carry
1111 1110 from the low order
4 bits.
Carry flag

• This flags shows whether the result of an operation


is larger than the size of the register or if there is a
borrow into.

Mov al, 07 0000 0111 CF = 1


sub al, 07 + 1111 1001 the answer is larger
1 0000 0000 than the size of the
register

F 16

Mov al, 02
16
02 CF = 1
sub al, 04 - 04 there is a borrow
FE into
Parity flag
• This flag shows whether the number of bit 1 in the result of
an arithmetic operation is even or odd.

• PF = 1 if the number is even


• PF = 0 if the number is odd.

Mov al, 0F 0000 1111 PF = 1


add al, 09 + 0000 1001 there is an even
0001 1000 number of bit 1.

Mov al, 02 0000 0010 PF = 0


sub al, 04 + 1111 1100 there is an odd
1111 1110 number of bit 1.

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