MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

ENGR. CHEZANIE MIYA S. ASUNCION

Civil Engineering Department
 Carry-over moment is defined as
Moment the moment induced at the fixed end
of beam by the action of a moment
Distributio applied at the other end.
𝑀𝐴 𝐿 𝑀𝐵
n Method
 It is based on a 𝜃
method of
successive
approximations 𝑀𝐴 𝑀𝐵
popularized by
hardy cross.
 This method is
applicable to all the moment applied at B carries over to the fixed
types of rigid end A, a moment that is half the amount and
opposite sign.
frame analysis.
Beam Stiffness is the moment required by the simply supported
end of a beam to produce a unit rotation of the end, the other end
being rigidly fixed.
𝑀𝐴 𝐿 𝑀𝐵
When equals 1 radian, is called as the
𝜃 beam stiffness and it varies with the ratio
and E. Beam stiffness is denoted as K and
hence,

𝑀𝐴 𝑀 𝐵 For constant E,
If I is not specified, it is convenient to take
1 as the common multiple of the span
lengths.
Modified K
 For continuous beams with
hinge or roller ends, the final
moment at that end is zero.
 The distribution of moment
will become easier if we
multiply the beam stiffness K
of the span containing that
support by 3/4 , which would
eliminate further distribution
of moment on support. Do
not apply this for fixed-end
support.
Fixed-End
Rule of Sign
Moments  Counterclockwise moment
(FEM)
acting on the beam (clockwise
In the MDM
Method, we reaction) are considered
assumed the POSITIVE
individual  Clockwise moment acting on the
spans to be beam (counterclockwise
fully restrained reaction) are considered
at both ends,
NEGATIVE
then we
 For the beams with vertical
compute the
fixed end downward loads only, negative
moments. moment occurs at the left end
and positive at the right end.
Fixed-End Moments
(FEM)
Distribution Factor, DF
At a joint, the distribution factor of a member is the ratio of
the bending stiffness of the member to the sum of bending
stiffness of all the members connected to the joint.

In general, the end moments of any two adjacent spans

are not equal creating an unbalanced moment at the
joint. This unbalanced moment is then distributed in
percentage equal to the distribution factor.

Note:
DF = 0 for fixed end.
DF = 1 for hinged or roller end.
STEPS in using MDM
 Assume that all supports are fixed or locked and
compute the fixed end moments.
 Unlock each support and distribute the unbalanced
moment at each one to each adjacent span using the
distribution factor DF.
 After the distribution factor, carry-over one-half of
the moment in step 2 with same sign, to the other
end of each span.
 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until carry-over moment
become zero or negligibly small.
 Example 1
By means of moment-distribution method, solve the moment
at R2 and R3 of the continuous beam shown in Fig. P-815.

A B C D
 Example 1
Solution :
Beam stiffness (Let
I=60)
A B C D

Distribution factor
 Example 1
75 lb/ft
Fixed-end moments 60 lb/ft

A B C D
Use MS Excel to tabulate your answer.
Example 1
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

JOINT A B C D

MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC

K(EI/L) 3.7500 3.7500 4.5000 4.5000 0.0000

CYCLE DF 1.0000 0.4545 0.5455 1.0000 0.0000

FEM -800.0000 800.0000 -875.0000 750.0000 -640.0000

1
BAL. M 800.0000 34.0909 40.9091 -110.0000 0.0000

CO 400.0000 -55.0000 20.4545 0.0000

2
BAL. M -156.8182 -188.1818 -20.4545 0.0000

CO -8.5227 -10.2273 -94.0909 0.0000

3
BAL. M 8.5227 10.2273 94.0909 0.0000

4
CO 39.2045 47.0455 5.1136 0.0000 Final Answer:
BAL. M -39.2045 -47.0455 -5.1136 0.0000 M2=
5 CO -2.1307 -2.5568 -23.5227 0.0000 M3=
BAL. M 2.1307 2.5568 23.5227 0.0000

0.0000
END MOMENT (KN.M) 0.0000 1077.2727 -1077.2727 640.0000 -640.0000
0.0000

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

 MOMENT DISTIBUTION METHOD
LONGITUDINAL FRAME (EXTERNAL)
Example 1
JOINT A B C D

MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC

K(EI/L) 3.7500 3.7500 4.5000 4.5000 0.0000

CYCLE DF 1.0000 0.4545 0.5455 1.0000 0.0000

FEM -800.0000 800.0000 -875.0000 750.0000 -640.0000

1
BAL. M 800.0000 34.0909 40.9091 -110.0000 0.0000

CO 17.0455 400.0000 -55.0000 20.4545 0.0000

2
BAL. M -17.0455 -156.8182 -188.1818 -20.4545 0.0000

CO -78.4091 -8.5227 -10.2273 -94.0909 0.0000

3
BAL. M 78.4091 8.5227 10.2273 94.0909 0.0000

CO 4.2614 39.2045 47.0455 5.1136 0.0000

4
BAL. M -4.2614 -39.2045 -47.0455 -5.1136 0.0000

CO -19.6023 -2.1307 -2.5568 -23.5227 0.0000

5
BAL. M 19.6023 2.1307 2.5568 23.5227 0.0000

CO 1.0653 9.8011 11.7614 1.2784 0.0000

6
BAL. M -1.0653 -9.8011 -11.7614 -1.2784 0.0000

CO -4.9006 -0.5327 -0.6392 -5.8807 0.0000

7
BAL. M 4.9006 0.5327 0.6392 5.8807 0.0000

CO 0.2663 2.4503 2.9403 0.3196 0.0000

8
BAL. M -0.2663 -2.4503 -2.9403 -0.3196 0.0000

CO -1.2251 -0.1332 -0.1598 -1.4702 0.0000

9
BAL. M 1.2251 0.1332 0.1598 1.4702 0.0000

CO 0.0666 0.6126 0.7351 0.0799 0.0000

10
BAL. M -0.0666 -0.6126 -0.7351 -0.0799 0.0000

0.0000 1077.2727 -1077.2727 640.0000 -640.0000

END MOMENT (KN.M)

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

 Example 2
Using moment-distribution method, solve for the moments
over supports R2 and R3 of the continuous beam in
Figure P-826.

A B C
D
 Example 2
Solution :
Beam stiffness (Let
I=12) A B C
D

Distribution factor
 Example 2
Fixed-end moments

A B C
D
 Example 2
Fixed-end moments

A B C
D
 Example 2
Fixed-end moments

A B C
D
Use MS Excel to tabulate your answer.
Example 2
MOMENT DISTIBUTION METHOD

JOINT A B C D
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC
K(EI/L) 2.2500 2.2500 3.0000 3.0000 3.0000 3.0000
CYCLE DF 1.0000 0.4286 0.5714 0.5000 0.5000 1.0000

FEM 2000.0000 2000.0000 -2666.6700 2666.6700 -2666.6700 2666.6700

1
BAL. M -2000.0000 285.7157 380.9543 0.0000 0.0000 -2666.6700
CO -1000.0000 0.0000 190.4771 -1333.3350
2
BAL. M 428.5714 571.4286 571.4289 571.4289 CO= ½ M
CO 0.0000 285.7145 285.7143 0.0000
3
BAL. M -122.4491 -163.2654 -142.8571 -142.8571 Bal
CO 0.0000 -71.4286 -81.6327 0.0000
4
BAL. M 30.6122 40.8163 40.8164 40.8164
Moment=
5
CO 0.0000 20.4082 20.4082 0.0000 -(Total
BAL. M -8.7464 -11.6618 -10.2041 -10.2041
CO 0.0000 -5.1020 -5.8309 0.0000
CO)/DF
6
BAL. M 2.1866 2.9155 2.9155 2.9155 per span
CO 0.0000 1.4577 1.4577 0.0000
7
BAL. M -0.6247 -0.8330 -0.7289 -0.7289
CO 0.0000 -0.3644 -0.4165 0.0000 Final Answer:
8
BAL. M 0.1562 0.2082 0.2082 0.2082
CO 0.0000 0.1041 0.1041 0.0000 M2=
9
BAL. M -0.0446 -0.0595 -0.0521 -0.0521 M3=
CO 0.0000 -0.0260 -0.0297 0.0000
10
BAL. M 0.0112 0.0149 0.0149 0.0149
END MOMENT (KN.M) 0.0000 1615.3885 -1615.3885 3538.4633 -3538.4633 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
BE READY FOR QUIZ NEXT MEETING !
Reference Book
1. Gillesania D. and Verterra R., 2013, Solutions Problems in
Strength of Materials, 1st Edition, Diego Inocencio Tapang
Gillesania
2. https://mathalino.com
/reviewer/strength-materials/moment-distribution-method

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