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Permutation and combination

The document explains the concepts of permutations and combinations, highlighting that permutations are arrangements where order matters, while combinations are selections where order does not matter. It provides formulas for calculating permutations and combinations, along with practical examples for better understanding. The document emphasizes the importance of these concepts in various scenarios, such as lock combinations and election of club officers.

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Rajib Ali bhutto
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9 views15 pages

Permutation and combination

The document explains the concepts of permutations and combinations, highlighting that permutations are arrangements where order matters, while combinations are selections where order does not matter. It provides formulas for calculating permutations and combinations, along with practical examples for better understanding. The document emphasizes the importance of these concepts in various scenarios, such as lock combinations and election of club officers.

Uploaded by

Rajib Ali bhutto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Permutations

and

Combinations
Permutations

A Permutation is an
arrangement of items in a
particular order.
Notice, ORDER MATTERS!
To find the number of Permutations
of n items, we can use the
Fundamental Counting Principle or
factorial notation.
Permutations
The number of ways to
arrange the letters ABC:____ ____ ____

Number of choices for first blank? 3 ____ ____

Number of choices for second blank? 3 2 ___


Number of choices for third blank? 3 2 1

3*2*1 = 6 3! = 3*2*1 = 6
ABC ACB BAC BCA CAB CBA
Permutations

To find the number of Permutations


of n items chosen r at a time, you
can use the formula
n!
n pr  ( n  r )! where 0 r n .

5! 5!
5 p3   5 * 4 * 3 60
(5  3)! 2!
Permutations
Practice:
A combination lock will open when
the right choice of three numbers
(from 1 to 30, inclusive) is selected.
How many different lock
combinations are possible assuming
no number is repeated?
Answer Now
Permutations
Practice:
A combination lock will open when
the right choice of three numbers
(from 1 to 30, inclusive) is selected.
How many different lock
combinations are possible assuming
no number is repeated?
30! 30!
30 p3   30 * 29 * 28 24360
( 30  3)! 27!
Permutations
Practice:
From a club of 24 members, a
President, Vice President, Secretary,
Treasurer and Historian are to be
elected. In how many ways can the
offices be filled?

Answer Now
Permutations
Practice:
From a club of 24 members, a
President, Vice President, Secretary,
Treasurer and Historian are to be
elected. In how many ways can the
offices be filled?
24! 24!
24 p5   
( 24  5)! 19!
24 * 23 * 22 * 21 * 20 5,100,480
Combinations
A Combination is an
arrangement of items in which
order does not matter.
ORDER DOES NOT MATTER!
Since the order does not matter in
combinations, there are fewer
combinations than permutations. The
combinations are a "subset" of the
permutations.
Combinations

To find the number of Combinations


of n items chosen r at a time, you
can use the formula
n!
C  where 0 r n .
n r r! ( n  r )!
Combinations
To find the number of Combinations
of n items chosen r at a time, you
can use the formula
n!
C  where 0 r n .
n r r! ( n  r )!
5! 5!
5 C3   
3! (5  3)! 3!2!
5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 5 * 4 20
  10
3 * 2 *1* 2 *1 2 *1 2
Combinations
Practice:

To play a particular card game,


each player is dealt five cards
from a standard deck of 52 cards.
How many different hands are
possible?
Answer Now
Combinations
Practice: To play a particular card game,
each player is dealt five cards
from a standard deck of 52 cards.
How many different hands are
possible? 52! 52!
52 C5   
5! (52  5)! 5!47!
52 * 51 * 50 * 49 * 48
2,598,960
5* 4* 3* 2*1
Combinations
Practice:

A student must answer 3 out of 5


essay questions on a test. In how
many different ways can the
student select the questions?

Answer Now
Combinations
Practice: A student must answer 3 out of
5 essay questions on a test. In
how many different ways can
the student select the
questions?
5! 5! 5 * 4
5 C3    10
3! (5  3)! 3!2! 2 * 1

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