LALA ICT TRAINING

CENTER
Digital Essential
Notes

UMAR A. GIDAN GOGA

 Introduction to computer
A computer is an electronic device that accepts
data, processes it, and produces output. It
consists of:
1. Hardware (physical components)
2. Software (programs and operating systems)
Basic Components of a Computer
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Memory (RAM)
Storage (Hard Drive, SSD)
Input Devices (Keyboard, Mouse)
Output Devices (Monitor, Printer)
Types of Computers
Desktop
Laptop
Mobile Device
Server
Mainframe
 Operating system
An Operating System (OS) manages computer
hardware and software resources, providing:
Process Management
 Memory Management
File Management
Input/Output Management
Security
Key Operating System Functions
Booting
Process Scheduling
Memory Allocation
File System Management
Device Management
Some popular operating systems and their features:

1. Windows - User-friendly, gaming support

2. macOS - Exclusive to Apple devices, secure
3. Linux - Open-source, customizable
4. Chrome OS - Cloud-based, lightweight
KEYBOARDING
 Using the Mouse
• Holding the mouse
• Moving the cursor
• Clicking (left-click, right-click)
• Scrolling (up, down)
• Dragging and dropping
Using the Keyboard
Typing letters and numbers
Navigation keys (arrows, Enter,Tab)
Modifier keys (Shift, Ctrl, Alt)
Function keys (F1-F12)
• Symbol keys (!, @, #, etc.)
 Practice Time-MOUSE
• Exercises
1. Move the cursor to different corners of the screen.
2. Click on various icons and buttons
3. Practice scrolling up and down.
4. Drag and drop objects.
 Exercises-KEYBOARD
Type a short paragraph.
Practice navigation keys (arrows, Enter, Tab).
Use modifier keys (Shift, Ctrl, Alt).
Press function keys (F1-F12).
1. Type symbols (!, @, #, etc.)
Practice regularly to improve your
skills!!!
Introduction to MS
Word
Interface And Basic features MS
Word
Interface And Basic features of MS
Word
 Entering text
The following are the two important points
that will help you while typing:
• You do not need to press Enter to start a
new line. As the insertion point reaches
the end of the line, Word automatically
starts a new one. You will need to press
Enter, to add a new paragraph.
• When you want to add more than one
space between words, use the Tab key
instead of the spacebar. This way you
can properly align text by using the
proportional fonts.
 Saving Document
• Step 1: Click the File tab and
select the Save As option.
• Step 2: Select a folder where
you will like to save the
document, Enter the file name
which you want to give to your
document and Select the Save
As option, by default it is
the .docx format.
• Step 3: Finally, click on the Save
button and your document will be
saved with the entered name in
the selected folder.
FORMATTING DOCUMENT

• A font refers to set of characteristics that characters of Word

support.
• The process of formatting a document includes controlling the
appearance of text and layout of text on page.
• Character formatting includes settings that control attributes of
individual text character such as Fonts, Font Size And Type Style.
 Cut, Copy and Paste
• Deleting unnecessary data from a document is called cutting.
• In Microsoft Word, you can cut text from one area of a
document and paste that text anywhere in the document.
• After you cut the text, it gets stored in the clipboard.
• If you want to cut any text or word from a document, it is
advisable to highlight the word first.
• To cut, Right ClickàCut.
• The shortcut key is “Ctrl + X”.
 paste
• Select your text and then copy it..
• Use mouse to move the cursor to desired position to paste the
copied text.
• Click paste to insert the copied text in its new place.
• You can paste clipboard information as often as you like.
• To paste, Right Clickà Paste.
• The shortcut key is “Ctrl + V”.
Font and Size selection
• To change size of font in the file or document, first select the
text you want to change.
• If you want to select all the text from document, click “Ctrl + A”
• From home menu, click font size option.
• You can also change style of the font using “Font Style” feature
 Alignment
• You can align text to Left, Right, Center and Justify.
• By default, the content always appears to the left side of document.
• Alignment can be done by using mouse or keyboard shortcuts.
• For center alignment, click to “center align” icon or use shortcut key “Ctrl +
E”.
• For right alignment, click to “right align” icon or use shortcut key “Ctrl + R”.
• For left alignment, click to “left align” icon or use shortcut key “Ctrl + L”
• If you click on “justify” it will align with respect to both left and right
margins. The shortcut key used here is “Ctrl + J”.
 Bullets and numbering
• Bullets and numbering are used to list important points and messages.
• When a document is in the form of long paragraphs, reader may not be
able to quickly notice important points or message. Bullets and
numbering emphasize lists of things.
• To list points or topics in a document, bullets are used.
• Numbered list works well for directions or other points.
• While typing a document, details should be given step-by-step for easy
understanding. MS Word’s feature “Bullets and Numbering” fulfils this
purpose.
• You can either use the word defaults for bullets and numbers or can define
your own
 Changing case
We usually type content of documents in different forms such as Lower
case, Upper case, Sentence case, etc.
• Sentence Case à First character of the sentence is capitalized.
• Lower Case à Entire selected text will change to small letters.
• Upper Case à Entire selected text will change to capital letters.
• Title Case à First character of each word begins with a capital
letter.
• Toggle Case à It changes lowercase to uppercase and vice-
versa.
 INSERT Tab
• HEADER
• FOOTER
• WATER MARK
 Tables
Tables
1. Insert Table: Go to Insert > Table > Select rows
and columns
2. Draw Table: Go to Insert > Table > Draw Table
(use pen to draw)
3. Convert Text to Table: Select text > Go to Insert
> Table > Convert Text to Table
 Table Tools

Design: Change table style, borders, and layout

Layout: Adjust rows, columns, and cell size
Data: Sort, filter, and calculate data
Common Chart and Table
Shortcuts
 Insert table: Ctrl + T
 Insert chart: Ctrl + Shift + F
 Format table: Ctrl + Shift + F