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Module 8

Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development outlines how individuals develop moral reasoning through six stages grouped into three levels: preconventional, conventional, and post-conventional. The theory emphasizes that moral behavior is influenced by the understanding of justice, rights, and societal norms. This framework aids teachers in recognizing and guiding the moral development of their students.

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16 views25 pages

Module 8

Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development outlines how individuals develop moral reasoning through six stages grouped into three levels: preconventional, conventional, and post-conventional. The theory emphasizes that moral behavior is influenced by the understanding of justice, rights, and societal norms. This framework aids teachers in recognizing and guiding the moral development of their students.

Uploaded by

lyjohnjm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 8

Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development


Overview
Individuals, when confronted by situations where they
need to make moral decisions, exercise their own ability
to use moral reasoning. Lawrence Kohlberg was
interested in studying the development of moral
reasoning. He based his theory on the findings of Piaget
in studying cognitive development. Our ability to choose
right and wrong is tied with our ability to understand
and reason logically.

as
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Explain the stages of moral development.


2. Analyze a person’s level of moral reasoning
based on his responses to moral dilemmas.
3. Cite how the theory of moral development
can be applied to your work as teachers
later on.

as
Activity

A case of moral
dilemma.
Activity
1. If you were Nic, what would you do?
2. Why would you choose to do that?
What were the things you
considered in deciding what to
do?
Analysis
In which of these responses is your answer
most similar?

Stage 1 – “Yes, I will tell our parents


because if they found out later that I
knew, for sure they will get angry and
most likely punish me.”
Analysis
Stage 2 – “Yes, I will tell my parents
because they will reward me for it. I
will ask for that new IPod that I’m
wishing to have.”

Stage 3 – “Yes, I will tell so my parents


will think I am such an honest boy.”
Analysis
Stage 4 – “Yes, I will tell because we should
follow the rules that our parents say.”

Stage 5 – “Yes, I will tell because he might


be hurt or get in trouble and his welfare
is a top priority.”
Analysis
Stage 6 – “ Yes, I will tell because
lying is always wrong and I want
to be true to what I believe in.”
Abstraction
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Kohlberg’s model of moral


development attempted to explain
how children develop a sense of right
and wrong. He believed that children
form ways of thinking through their
experiences which include
understanding of moral concepts
such as justice, rights, equality and
human welfare.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Kohlberg identified six stages of moral


reasoning grouped into three major
levels.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Level 1 - Preconventional Morality

 Moral reasoning is based on the


consequence/result of the act, not on
whether the act itself is good or bad.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Preconventional Level

Stage 1 – Punishment/Obedience. One is


motivated by fear of punishment. He
will act in order to avoid punishment.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Preconventional Level

Stage 2 – Mutual Benefit. One is


motivated to act by the benefit that
one may obtain later. You scratch my
back, I’ll scratch yours.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Level 2 - Conventional Morality

 Moral reasoning is based on the


conventions or “norms” of society. This
may include approval of others, law and
order.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Conventional Level

Stage 3 – Social Approval. One is


motivated by what others expect in
behavior – good boy, good girl. The
person acts because he/she values
how he/she will appear to others. He
gives importance on what people will
think or say.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Conventional Level

Stage 4 – Law and Order. One is motivated


to act in order to uphold law and order.
The person will follow the law because it
is the law.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Level 3 - Post-conventional Morality

 Moral reasoning is based on enduring or


consistent principles. It is not just
recognizing the law, but the principles
behind the law.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Post-conventional Level

Stage 5 – Social Contract. Laws that are


wrong can be changed. One will act
based on social justice and the common
good.
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

Post-conventional Level

Stage 6 – Universal Principles. This is


associated with the development of
one’s conscience. Having a set of
standards that drives one to possess
moral responsibility to make societal
changes regardless of consequences to
oneself.
Summary

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral


Development holds that moral reasoning
is the basis of moral behavior. This
helps teachers to better understand
the different levels of moral
development of learners. This will
give them proper guidance about
students’ moral behavior.
Application
1. Read a research that is related to
Kohlberg’s theory, then fill out the
matrix below.
Problem Research Methodology

Findings Conclusions

Source: (bibliographical entry format)


Application

2. From the module on Kohlberg’s Stages of


Moral Development, I realized that…..
Thank you.

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