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Lecture#03 Java Basics

The document provides examples of object-oriented programming concepts in Java, including calculating the distance light travels and demonstrating variable scope. It explains how variables declared in outer scopes are accessible in inner scopes, but not vice versa, and highlights the importance of variable lifetime and naming conflicts. Additionally, it includes examples that illustrate these concepts, including a compilation error due to variable name duplication.

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qmumer7
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3 views

Lecture#03 Java Basics

The document provides examples of object-oriented programming concepts in Java, including calculating the distance light travels and demonstrating variable scope. It explains how variables declared in outer scopes are accessible in inner scopes, but not vice versa, and highlights the importance of variable lifetime and naming conflicts. Additionally, it includes examples that illustrate these concepts, including a compilation error due to variable name duplication.

Uploaded by

qmumer7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CS-1201

OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING
DIVING IN (ADVANCING O N
BASICS)
EXAMPLE
/ Compute distance light travels using long variables.
class Light {
public static void main(String
args[]) { int lightspeed;
long days;
long
seconds;
long // approximate speed of light in miles
distance; per second
lightspeed // specify number of days here
= // convert to seconds
186000; // compute distance
days =
1000;
seconds = days * 24 * 60 * //
160704000000
Output
60; distance = lightspeed 001000 days light will travel about
In
* seconds;
EXAMPLE

// char variables behave like


integers.
class CharDemo2 {
public static void main(String
args[]) { char ch1;
ch1 = 'X';
System.out.println("ch1 contains " +
ch1); ch1++; / increment ch1
Output
System.out.println("ch1 is now " + ch1 contains
ch1); X ch1 is
now Y
}
THE SCOPE OF VARIABLES

◾ Objects declared in the outer scope will be visible to code


within the inner scope.

◾ However, the reverse is


not true.

◾ Objects declared within the inner scope will not be


visible outside it.
EXAMPLE: SCOPE OF VARIABLES
/ Demonstrate block scope.
class Scope {
public static void main(String args[])
{
int x; // known to all code
within main
x = 10;
if(x == 10)
{ // start new scope
int y = 20; / known only to this
block
/ x and y both known here.
System.out.println("x and y: " +
x + " " + y);
x = y * 2;
}
// y = 100; // Error! y not known
here
THE SCOPE OF VARIABLES

◾ Variables are created when their scope is entered, and


destroyed when their scope is left.

◾ Lifetime of a variable is confined to its scope.

◾ Although blocks can be nested, we cannot declare a

variable to have the same name as one in an outer


scope.
EXAMPLE
// This program will not compile
class ScopeErr {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int bar = 1;
{// creates a new scope
int bar = 2; //Compile time error, bar already defined!
}
} }

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