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Control System Classifications

Control systems are essential for regulating processes to achieve specific goals, classified into open-loop and closed-loop systems. Open-loop systems operate without feedback, while closed-loop systems utilize feedback for improved accuracy. Various types of control systems, including linear, nonlinear, digital, and feedforward, are applied across industries such as automation, aerospace, and robotics.

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Arpan Bhattacharya
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7 views

Control System Classifications

Control systems are essential for regulating processes to achieve specific goals, classified into open-loop and closed-loop systems. Open-loop systems operate without feedback, while closed-loop systems utilize feedback for improved accuracy. Various types of control systems, including linear, nonlinear, digital, and feedforward, are applied across industries such as automation, aerospace, and robotics.

Uploaded by

Arpan Bhattacharya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Classification Of Control System

PRESENTED BY :
Arpan Bhattacharya
What is Control System?
A system that can command direct or regulate another system to
achieve a certain goal. The control of a system of process called
Automation.
Examples − Traffic lights control system, washing machine
Open-loop Control System:
1 One-way Process 2 Examples Advantages
3
Open-loop systems operate Examples of open-loop • Simple design and easy
without any feedback to construct .
systems include automatic
• Maintenance is easier.
mechanism, making them washing machines and • Highly stable as only
simple and efficient for specific toasters Example: open loop is considered.
tasks. A washing machine with a
It is a control system where it timer.
controls action does not
depend on output response.
Exp : Traffic System
Closed-loop Control System
1 Closed Loop 2 Feedback Loop 3 Advantages
It is a control system • More accurate operation
Closed-loop systems use feedback
where it’s control action than that of open loop
depends on both input to control the system output,
control system.
and output response. enhancing precision and accuracy • High bandwidth
Exp : Automatic Electric in various applications. Operation.
iron • Time to time
recalibration.
Feedback Control System:
Principle Examples
Feedback systems use the output to Robotic arms and aircraft autopilot
modify the input, maintaining stability systems are prime examples of
and achieving desired performance. feedback control systems.

Positive Feedback: Negative Feedback:


The positive feedback adds the reference
Negative feedback reduces the error between the
input, R(s) and feedback output. The following
reference input, R(s) and system output . The
figure shows the block diagram of positive feedback
following figure shows the block diagram of the
control system.
negative feedback control system.
1 Continuous-time and Discrete-time Control System:
• Control Systems can be classified as continuous time control systems and discrete time
control systems based on the type of the signal used.
• In continuous time control systems, all the signals are continuous in time. But, in
discrete time control systems, there exists one or more discrete time signals.

2 SISO and MIMO control system:


• Control Systems can be classified as SISO control systems and MIMO control systems
based on the number of inputs and outputs present.
• SISO (Single Input and Single Output) control systems have one input and one output.
Whereas, MIMO (Multiple Inputs and Multiple Outputs) control systems have more than one
input and more than one output.
Feedforward Control System:
1 Prediction-Based 2 Advantages
Feedforward systems anticipate They are effective in reducing errors
disturbances and take corrective caused by disturbances, making
actions in advance, minimizing the them ideal for specific industrial
impact on the controlled process. applications.
Linear Control System
1 Stability Analysis
Linear control systems are extensively studied for their predictable and
analyzable behavior using mathematical models.

2 Engineering Applications
They are commonly used in chemical processes, mechanical systems, and
electrical circuits.
Nonlinear Control System:
Nonlinear systems exhibit intricate
Complex Behavior behaviors that are not easily predicted
or analyzed using traditional linear
methods.
Some nonlinear systems show chaotic
Chaos Theory behavior, leading to the development of
chaos theory and complex dynamics.
Digital Control System
Advantages
Digital control systems offer precision, flexibility, and ease of
implementation due to advancements in microprocessor
technology.

Applications
They are widely used in modern industrial automation, aerospace,
and consumer electronics.
Conclusion
Control systems, in diverse forms, serve as vital components in
ensuring stability and efficiency in technological systems. There are
ongoing advancements in control systems to meet the demands of
evolving industries and technologies. Control systems find application
in various fields, playing critical roles in industrial automation,
aerospace, robotics, and biomedical engineering. Their impact is
evident in the efficiency of manufacturing processes, the stability of
aircraft, the precision of robotic movements, and the reliability of
medical devices.
Reference:
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/control_systems/control_systems_introduction.htm
• Control System Engineering , Nagraj Bhopal

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