UNIT IV

Interactive Data Visualization

Introduction:
Interactive data visualization is the graphical
representation of data in a way that allows users to
interact with the data.
involve exploring the data by zooming, panning,
filtering, or dynamically updating the visualizations.
Goalenable users to gain insights, explore patterns,
and make data- driven decisions

Key Concepts of Interactive Data Visualization:

1.Data Drawing:
• Interactive visualizations typically involve drawing or
rendering data
dynamically on the screen.
• Libraries like D3.js, Plotly, and Chart.js are used to bind
raw data to graphical elements Scales and Axes:
o Scales convert data values to graphical elements.
o Common scales include linear, logarithmic, and ordinal.
o They ensure that the data is appropriately mapped to the
visualization dimensions (e.g., pixel positions, colors).
o Axes provide reference lines (e.g., X-axis, Y-axis) for users
to interpret the
values represented in the visualization.
Axes can be interactive, allowing users to zoom in/out or
shift their perspective on the data.
3.Interaction and Mode:
o allow for actions such as zooming, panning, and
hovering over data points to display more detailed
information.
o These interactions can be implemented through event
listeners (e.g., on mouse click, hover, or drag).
 o Mode Interactivity: Modes refer to different user
interaction modes in visualizations, such as exploration
(where users explore data) or selection

4.Transaction and Updates:

o Transaction Mode allows users to group actions (e.g.,
zooming and filtering) into a single transaction, ensuring
smooth and consistent updates to the visualization.
o Visualizations should update dynamically based on user
actions or real- time data.

5.Layouts and Geomapping:

o Layouts involve how different components (charts, graphs,
maps) are arranged on the screen.
o Effective layout designs ensure the clarity of the
visualization and help users compare different datasets.
o Geomapping is used when visualizing spatial data.
o Interactive maps (such as those made with Leaflet.js or
Google Maps API) can allow users to zoom, pan, and click
on regions to get more information.
o GeoJSON format is commonly used for geographic data.
6.Exporting:

 Exporting visualizations is an important feature, allowing

users to save charts or maps in formats like PNG, SVG,

PDF, or CSV/JSON for sharing or further analysis.

 Tools like html2canvas (for HTML to image conversion) or

D3.js provide easy exporting options.

Applications of Interactive Data Visualization:

 Business Analytics: Dashboards that update in real time to

provide sales, finance, or marketing insights.

 Geospatial Analysis: Maps that show real-time location

data, such as fleet tracking or weather conditions.

 Scientific Research: Interactive plots or heatmaps that allow
researchers to explore complex datasets.
 Data Exploration: Interactive tools where users can
manipulate parameters to explore how different inputs affect
outcomes.
2.Drawing with Data in Data Visualization
Drawing with data  the process of transforming raw data
into visual elements such as bars, points, lines, or areas,
which help users interpret and understand the data easily.
By mapping data to visual properties, such as position, size,
and color,
create visualizations that communicate the underlying data
effectively.
Steps in Drawing with Data:
3.Mapping Data to Visual Elements:
Each data value is associated with a graphical element
Creating Charts:
Visualization tools plot these elements to represent the data
graphically. Popular chart types include bar charts, scatter
plots, and line graphs.
Example: Bar Chart

Imagine a dataset showing sales figures for a company across

five months. We will create a bar chart to represent this data:

Month Sales (in USD)

January5000

February 7000
Month Sales (in USD)

March 8000

April 6000

May 9000
 Pictorial Representation:
plaintext Copy
Sales in USD
↑
| ⬛

| ⬛

| ⬛ ⬛

| ⬛ █ █

| ⬛ █ █ █

| ⬛ ⬛ █ █ █

| ⬛ ⬛ █ █ █

|--------------------------------→ Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr May

 Drawing with Data: Each bar represents the sales data for a
specific month. The height of each bar corresponds to the
sales value for that month.
 Mapping:
o The x-axis (horizontal) represents the months (January
to May).
o The y-axis (vertical) represents the sales values (from 0
to 10,000 USD).
3. Scales in Data Visualization

Introduction:
 In data visualization, scales are essential tools that map
data values to visual properties such as position, size,
or color.
 They ensure that the data is represented accurately on the
screen and help users interpret the visualized data in a
meaningful way.
 Scales allow data values to be mapped to a consistent visual
format, ensuring

clarity and understanding in the representation of the data.

Types of Scales:

1.Linear Scale:
A linear scale maps data values directly to a range of visual
properties in a linear relationship. This is used when data
has a consistent, proportional

relationship, such as in continuous datasets like

temperature or time.
Example: A line chart showing sales over time, where
the vertical axis represents sales values in a linear
progression.
2.Logarithmic Scale:
A logarithmic scale is used when the data spans multiple
orders of magnitude. This scale is helpful for visualizing data
with exponential growth, such as population growth or
financial data.
 Example: A log scale might be used to represent
the growth of a country's population over many
years, where each unit increase represents a
multiplication rather than an addition.
3.Ordinal Scale:
An ordinal scale is used for categorical data where
the values have a meaningful order, but the intervals
between them are not uniform. For example,
rankings, months of the year, or educational levels.

Example: A bar chart showing customer

satisfaction on a scale from "Poor" to "Excellent"
would use an ordinal scale on the x-axis.
  Logarithmic Scale: The vertical axis represents population values that increase
exponentially. The scale ensures that the gaps between values represent a
multiplication factor (e.g., 1000, 10000, 100000) rather than equal differences.

3. Ordinal Scale (Example: Customer Satisfaction)

plaintext
Copy
Custome
r
Satisfacti
|on ⬛
|↑ ⬛
| █ █
| █ █
| █ █ █
|--------------------------------------------→ Satisfaction
Poor Fair Good Excellent

 Ordinal Scale: The horizontal axis represents categories with an inherent order,
such as satisfaction levels. The exact numerical difference between "Poor" and
"Fair" is not the same as between "Good" and "Excellent," but the order is
meaningful.

Conclusion:

 Scales are vital in data visualization for mapping data values to visual elements.
 They provide structure and clarity, making it easier for users to interpret the
data. Linear scales are used for continuous data,
 logarithmic scales are used for data with wide-ranging values, and
 ordinal scales are used for ordered categories.
 Each scale type plays a specific role in ensuring accurate and effective data
representation.
4. Axes in Data Visualization
Introduction:
 In data visualization, axes are fundamental components that define
the layout and boundaries of a graphical representation.
 They help in mapping data to visual properties and provide reference
points to interpret the data.
 Axes generally represent the independent variable (usually the x-
axis) and the dependent variable (usually the y-axis) in charts or
graphs.
 Proper labeling and scaling of axes are essential for accurate data
interpretation.
Components of Axes:
1.X-Axis (Horizontal Axis):
o Typically represents the independent variable, such as time,
categories, or any other variable that doesn't depend on another.
o It is drawn horizontally across the bottom or top of the graph.

2.Y-Axis (Vertical Axis):

o Represents the dependent variable or the data being measured.
o It is drawn vertically, usually on the left or right side of the graph.
 1.Ticks:
o Marks along the axis that represent specific intervals or data
values.
o Ticks help in estimating the data values corresponding to
the graphical elements.
2.Labels:
o Descriptions or units of measurement provided along the
axes to help users understand the data being represented.
o For example, the x-axis might represent "Time (Months)",
and the y-axis
might represent "Sales (USD)".

Types of Axes:

3.Linear Axes:
o The values along the axis increase linearly (equidistant
intervals). This is the most common type of axis, suitable for
continuous data.
 o Example: A bar chart where both the x-axis and y-
axis have linear intervals.

2.Logarithmic Axes:
o The values on the axis increase logarithmically (i.e.,
each interval is multiplied by a constant factor).
o This type of axis is used when data spans multiple
orders of magnitude (e.g., population growth or
financial data).
o Example: A line graph representing exponential growth
over time.

3.Categorical Axes:
o For data that is non-continuous, such as categories (e.g.,
"Low", "Medium", "High"), the axis represents distinct
categories rather than numerical values.
o Example: A pie chart or bar chart displaying categorical
data like survey results.
 o The y-axis represents sales values in USD, with a linear
scale (e.g., 0, 5000, 10000 USD).
o The bars represent sales for each month, and the height
of the bars corresponds to the sales value.

2. Logarithmic Axes (Exponential Growth Example)

plaintext Copy
Population Growth

 Explanation:
o The x-axis represents time (from 2000 to 2020).
o The y-axis represents population values, but the scale is
logarithmic. This means the gaps between values increase
exponentially (e.g., 1000, 10000, 100000).
o The line shows population growth, which grows
exponentially over time.

3. Categorical Axes (Pie Chart Example)

Satisfaction
 Explanation:
o The x-axis represents categories such as "Poor", "Fair", "Good", and "Excellent"
(ordinal data).
o The y-axis represents the frequency or count of customers in each category.
o The bars represent the number of customers in each satisfaction category.

Importance of Axes in Data Visualization:

1. Context: Axes provide context to the data, ensuring that the user understands what
the visualized data represents.
2. Accuracy: Proper scaling of axes ensures that the data is accurately represented. If the
scales or intervals are incorrect, the interpretation of the graph can be misleading.
3. Comparison: Axes allow users to compare data points effectively, whether for trends
over time (e.g., sales) or differences across categories (e.g., customer satisfaction).

5.Updates, Transaction, and Mode Interactivity in Data Visualization

 Interactivity in data visualization enhances the user experience by allowing

users to explore data dynamically.
 The three main components of interactivity are Updates, Transactions, and
Modes. Let’s break down each of these components in detail, followed by a
diagram that illustrates their functionality.

6.Updates in Data Visualization

 Updates refer to the process of keeping the data in a visualization current.

  As data changes over time, the visualization can be updated automatically or on-
demand.
 This ensures that the user is always viewing the most recent information without
having to manually refresh the data.

 Real-time Updates: Data is continuously refreshed, ideal for monitoring systems

like stock prices or weather data.
 On-demand Updates: Data is refreshed based on user actions, such as pressing a
button or changing a filter.

2.Transactions in Data Visualization

Transactions are user-driven interactions that change the state of a data visualization. These
include filtering, sorting, zooming, and other actions that alter how the data is presented.

 Filtering: The user can select a subset of data based on specific criteria.
 Sorting: Allows the user to rearrange the data based on different metrics, such as
ascending or descending order.
 Zooming: The user can zoom in on specific areas of the data to view details.

3.Mode Interactivity in Data Visualization

Mode interactivity refers to the different ways a user can interact with and explore the data
visualization. These modes allow for varying levels of engagement and exploration.

 Selection Mode: Enables the user to select specific data points for further
exploration or analysis.
 Comparison Mode: Allows users to compare multiple datasets or different time periods
in the same view.
 Zoom/Focus Mode: Users can zoom into a particular section of the data or focus on a
specific data subset to gain deeper insights.

Diagram: Updates, Transactions, and Modes in Data Visualization

 Below is a simple diagram that illustrates the interactivity
components of data visualizations:

plaintext Copy
+--------------
----------------
-----+
| Data Visualization |
| |
| +------------------------+ |
| | Updates | |
| | (Real-time, On-demand) | |
| +------------------------+
|
| | |
| v |
| +------------------------+ |
| | Transactions | |
| | (Filtering, Sorting, | |
| | Zooming, etc.) | |
| +------------------------+ |
| | |
| v |
| +------------------------+ |
| | Mode Interactivity | |
| | (Selection, Comparison, | |
| | Zoom/Focus) | |
| +------------------------+
|
+-----------------------------------+

Explanation of the Diagram:

1. Updates: At the top, updates are crucial for keeping data current. They
allow the system to display new information automatically (real-time
updates) or at the user’s request (on-demand).
 2. Transactions: In the middle, transactions involve user-driven changes in the
visualization, such as filtering out data, sorting by a particular attribute, or zooming
in for a more detailed view.
3. Mode Interactivity: At the bottom, modes represent different interactive views users can
switch between, such as focusing on specific data points (selection), comparing datasets
(comparison), or zooming in on regions of the data.

The diagram helps illustrate the flow and interaction between these components, where updates
feed into the transactions and modes for a seamless user experience.

6.Layouts in Data Visualization

Introduction:

 In data visualization, layouts refer to the arrangement and organization of different

elements (charts, graphs, text, and other components) within a visual display.
 The layout plays a critical role in making visualizations clear, easy to interpret, and
visually appealing.
 Good layouts help present data logically, allowing viewers to focus on key
insights and trends.

Layouts are essential for:

 Structuring the data in a way that is easy to understand.

 Ensuring that the most important information is highlighted and easy to find.
 Guiding the viewer through the data step-by-step without overwhelming them.

Types of Layouts in Data Visualization:

1. Single Chart Layout:

o This layout consists of a single chart that presents a single dataset. It's used
when you need to visualize a specific relationship or comparison.
 o Example: A bar chart comparing the sales of products in different months.
2. Multiple Charts in One View:
o This layout arranges multiple charts together, allowing viewers to compare
multiple datasets at once. It helps when there are different aspects of data that
need to be visualized side by side.
o Example: A dashboard with a bar chart, line chart, and pie chart
showing sales, revenue, and customer satisfaction over time.
3. Grid Layout:
o In a grid layout, charts or data visualizations are placed in a structured grid
pattern. It allows for easy comparison between multiple visualizations and
datasets.
o Example: A grid of line charts showing monthly temperature data for multiple
cities.
4. Hierarchical Layout:
o This layout arranges data visualizations in a hierarchical structure, where
the most important information is placed at the top or center, with supporting
data placed around it. It's often used in dashboards and interactive
visualizations.
o Example: A central bar chart showing overall performance, with smaller charts
showing detailed subcategories around it.
5. Interactive Layout:
o This layout emphasizes user interaction. Components can change
dynamically based on user input, such as zooming, filtering, or selecting data points.
This is commonly used in interactive dashboards and web- based data
visualizations.
o Example: A web dashboard where clicking on a region in a map filters data in
other charts.

Pictorial Representation of Layouts:

1. Single Chart Layout:

plaintext Copy
 Sales Data (Bar Chart)
─────────────────────
| ⬛ ⬛ ⬛ |
| ⬛ ⬛ ⬛ |
| ⬛ ⬛ ⬛ |
| ⬛ ⬛ ⬛ |
| ⬛ ⬛ ⬛ |

───────────────────── January February

March

 Explanation:
This layout contains a single bar chart that compares sales data for three months
(January, February, and March). It's a straightforward layout that focuses
on a single dataset.
2. Multiple Charts in One View:
plaintext Copy
Sales by Month
┌──────────────────────────┐

│ ██████ │
│ ████████████ │
│ ████ │
└──────────────────────────┘ Bar
Chart

Revenue Growth
┌──────────────────────────┐
│ ████████ │
│ █████████ │
└──────────────────────────┘ Line
Chart
 Customer Satisfaction
┌──────────────────────────┐
│ ████████ │
└──────────────────────────┘ Pie Chart

 Explanation:
In this layout, there are three different charts displayed
together:
o Bar chart shows monthly sales data.
o Line chart shows revenue growth over time.
o Pie chart shows customer satisfaction distribution.

This layout allows a comprehensive view of multiple data aspects at the same time.

3. Grid Layout:
plaintext Copy
┌─────────────────────┐
┌─────────────────────┐
│ Line Chart│ │ Pie Chart│
│ (Temperature) │ │ (Market
Share) │
└─────────────────────┘
└─────────────────────┘

Explanation:
The grid layout organizes four different types of charts in a grid structure:
o A line chart shows temperature data.
o A pie chart shows market share distribution.
o A bar chart compares sales data across different products.
 o A scatter plot displays customer growth.

This layout is effective for comparing various datasets side-by-side.

4. Hierarchical Layout:
plaintext Copy

 Explanation:
The hierarchical layout features a main bar chart showing overall
performance, with subcharts underneath (e.g., a sales chart and a
profit chart). This layout emphasizes the most important metric in
the center while providing additional context in surrounding charts.

5. Interactive Layout:
plaintext Copy
  Explanation:
An interactive layout allows users to interact with the world map. Selecting a
region on the map filters data in the bar chart and line chart below,
dynamically
updating the charts to show the relevant data for the selected region. This
layout is highly user-focused, allowing users to drill down into specific data
points.
Importance of Layouts in Data Visualization:

1. Clarity: A well-designed layout ensures that the viewer can quickly interpret
the data and understand the key points.
2. Comparability: Multiple charts in one view allow for easy comparison of
different datasets, helping users draw meaningful conclusions.
3. User Engagement: Interactive layouts encourage user exploration, making
it easier to understand complex data.
4. Focus: The layout highlights the most important data, guiding the viewer's
attention where it is needed.
7.Geomapping in Data Visualization
Introduction:

 Geomapping in data visualization refers to the practice of representing data

on a geographical map.
 This method is used when the data has a geographic component—such as
locations, regions, or countries—and helps reveal spatial patterns,
trends, and relationships that may not be visible in traditional charts
or graphs.
 It provides insights into how data varies across different locations and is
1. Choropleth Maps:
o A choropleth map uses color shading to represent data values in predefined
geographic areas, such as countries, states, or counties. The intensity of the
color indicates the magnitude of a variable, such as population density, income
level, or disease prevalence.
o Example: A choropleth map of the United States showing COVID-19 cases by
state.
2. Point Maps:
o A point map places individual data points on a map, representing specific
locations, such as store locations, accident hotspots, or customer
locations. The size or color of the points can convey additional
information.
o Example: A map showing locations of coffee shops across a city, with each
point representing a coffee shop.
3. Heatmaps:
o Heatmaps represent the density of data points in a specific area using
color gradients. This type of map helps identify regions with higher or lower
concentrations of data, such as areas with high customer activity or traffic
density.
o Example: A heatmap showing traffic congestion in a city during rush hour.
4. Flow Maps:
o Flow maps visualize the movement or flow of data between different
geographical locations. This could represent the movement of people, goods,
or information between places.
o Example: A map showing migration patterns or trade routes between
countries.
 o The base map provides the geographical context, displaying borders, roads,
cities, and other geographic features. The base map helps viewers locate the
data within a geographic context.
2. Data Points:
o These are the specific locations or regions where the data is being
visualized. They could be represented by markers, shapes, or colored
regions.
3. Legend/Key:
o A legend explains the meaning of colors, sizes, and other visual cues used on
the map. This is important for understanding what the different visual
elements represent.
4. Color Schemes:
o Colors are often used to represent different data ranges (e.g., dark colors for
high values and light colors for low values), especially in choropleth and
heatmaps.

Pictorial Representations of Geomapping:

1. Choropleth Map (Example: COVID-19 Cases by State)

plaintext Copy
┌────────────────
─────────────┐
│ COVID-19
Cases │
│ by State
(USA) │
└────────────────
─────────────┘

████████████████
████ ████████

████
 Explanation:
o This choropleth map shows the number of COVID-19 cases in each U.S. state.
States with higher cases are shaded in a darker color, while states with
fewer cases are shown in a lighter color. The legend helps viewers
understand the color intensity and what it represents.

2.Point Map (Example: Coffee Shop Locations)

plaintext Copy
Coffee Shops in City X

| * * | * * |
| * * | * * |
|* | * |
|* | * * |
|* * * | * * |

 Explanation:
o This point map
shows individual
coffee shop locations
in a city, with each
asterisk (*)
representing a coffee
3. Heatmapshop.
(Example: Traffic
The size or Density)
color of the points
plaintext Copy
couldinbeCity
Traffic Density adjusted
Y to represent additional data, such as customer ratings or
popularity.
██▓▓▓▓▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
████▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
██████████▓▓▓▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
████████████▓▓▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒

 Explanation:
o This heatmap shows the traffic density across different areas of a city.
The darker colors (e.g., red or dark blue) represent areas with high traffic
density, while the lighter colors represent areas with less congestion.

4.Flow Map (Example: Migration Patterns)

plaintext Copy
Flow of Migration from
Country A to Country B

Country A → Country B (Arrow) ←

(Arrow)

Population Movement Flow

 Explanation:
o The flow map represents
migration patterns between two
countries. The
arrows indicate the direction of migration, with the width of the arrows
Tools for Geomapping in Data Visualization:
representing the volume of people moving from Country A to Country B.
1. ArcGIS:
o A powerful tool for creating detailed maps and spatial data analysis, often used
in GIS (Geographic Information Systems).
2. Google Maps API:
o Offers tools to create interactive maps with customizable markers,
heatmaps, and overlays.
3. Tableau:
o A popular data visualization tool that allows the creation of interactive
geomaps, including choropleth maps, heatmaps, and flow maps.
4. Power BI:
o Microsoft's data visualization tool that offers geomapping capabilities,
including geographic heatmaps, point maps, and region-based data
visualization.
Benefits of Geomapping:

1. Spatial Insights:
o Geomapping enables users to easily identify spatial patterns, such as
areas of high sales, population density, or disease outbreaks.
2. Geographical Context:
o It places the data within a specific geographic context, making it easier
to understand regional or location-based trends.
3. Interactivity:
o Many geomaps are interactive, allowing users to zoom, pan, and filter
data based on regions or categories, improving the user experience.
4. Better Decision-Making:
o By visualizing data geographically, businesses, governments, and
organizations can make more informed decisions regarding resource
allocation, planning, and strategy.
8.Exporting Framework in Data Visualization
Introduction:
 In data visualization, exporting refers to the process of saving or sharing
visualizations in a format that can be used externally or distributed, such as for
reports, presentations, or online sharing.
  An exporting framework is a system or set of tools that allows visualizations,
charts, or maps to be saved in various formats (e.g., PNG, PDF, SVG, CSV) for easy
access and distribution.
 This process is crucial for ensuring that visualizations can be easily shared,
incorporated into documents, or used in presentations while maintaining the
quality and integrity of the data representation.

Key Aspects of an Exporting Framework:

1. Export Formats:
o PNG: Image format for sharing static charts or visualizations.
o PDF: High-quality printable format, often used for reports or
presentations.
o SVG: Scalable vector graphics, often used for interactive or high- resolution
outputs.
o CSV/Excel: Data format to export the raw data behind the visualization for
further analysis.
o HTML: Interactive visualizations can be exported as HTML files that retain
their interactive features.
2. Exporting Tools:
o Export Buttons: Many data visualization tools (such as Tableau, Power BI, and
Google Data Studio) have built-in export buttons that allow users to quickly export
charts and dashboards.
o APIs: For more advanced use cases, APIs (e.g., Google Charts API, D3.js) can be
used to programmatically export visualizations.
o Command Line: In some frameworks, such as R (ggplot2) or Python (Matplotlib,
Plotly), visualizations can be exported using command-line functions.
3. Export Options:
o Resolution Settings: Users can choose the resolution (e.g., 300dpi for print)
depending on how the image will be used.
 o File Size Control: Options to optimize the file size for faster loading and sharing.
o Data Export: In addition to exporting visualizations, it is often possible to export
the underlying data in tabular format.
4. Integration with Reporting Tools:
o Embedding: Visualizations can be embedded in web pages, blogs, or online
dashboards using embedding codes.
o Power BI and Tableau: These tools allow users to create interactive dashboards
and export them as reports that can be shared through email, online, or on
different devices.

Pictorial Representation of Exporting Framework:

1. Exporting from a Visualization Tool (e.g., Tableau, Power BI)

plaintext Copy
+----------------------------------------------
-+
| Dashboard |
| (Interactive Visualizations)
| |

| +-------------+ |
+-------------+
| | Chart 1 | | |
Chart 2 | |
| +-------------+ |
+-------------+ |

| | [Export] | |
[Export] |

 Explanation:
o Here, the dashboard with interactive visualizations (charts, graphs, or maps)
provides an [Export] button. Users can click on this button to export the entire
dashboard or individual charts. The export options (like PDF, PNG, Excel) would
then be presented to the user.
 2.Exporting Using Code (e.g., Python - Matplotlib)
python Copy
import matplotlib.pyplot as
plt

# Create a simple plot

plt.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [10, 20,
25, 30])
# Export as PNG plt.savefig('plot.png',
format='png')
# Export as SVG plt.savefig('plot.svg',
format='svg')
# Export data as CSV import pandas as
pd
data = {'x': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'y': [10, 20, 25,
30]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data) df.to_csv('data.csv',
index=False)
 Explanation:

o In this example, a simple plot is created using Matplotlib (Python). The

plt.savefig() function is used to export the chart in various formats (PNG,
SVG).
o Additionally, the underlying data is saved as a CSV file using Pandas.

3. Exporting from a Web-Based Visualization Tool (e.g., Google Data Studio)

plaintext Copy
+--------------------------------------------
+
| Google Data Studio |
| (Web-Based Interactive
Dashboard) |
| |
| +----------------+ +-----------------+ |
| | Chart 1 | | Chart 2 | |
| +----------------+ +-----------------+ |
| |
| [Export Options] -> PDF / PNG / CSV |
| |
+--------------------------------------------+

 Explanation:
o In a web-based tool like Google Data Studio, users can interact with the
dashboard directly on the web. The [Export Options] menu allows them to
export the entire dashboard or individual charts in formats like PDF, PNG, or
CSV for the raw data.
4. Exporting Interactive Visualizations (e.g., D3.js, Plotly)
html Copy
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-
8">
<meta
name="viewport"
content="width=device
-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title>Interactive
Visualization</title>
<script
src="https://cdn.plot.l
y/plotly-
latest.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
 mode: 'lines'
};
var data = [trace1]; Plotly.newPlot('plotly-chart',
data);

// Export button functionality (using Plotly.js)

var exportButton =
document.createElement('button');
exportButton.innerHTML = 'Export as PNG';
exportButton.onclick = function() {
Plotly.downloadImage('plotly-chart', {format: 'png',
filename: 'plotly-chart'});
};
document.body.appendChild(exportButton);
</script>
</body>
</html>

 Explanation:
o In this interactive visualization using Plotly.js, the user can interact with the
graph (zoom, pan, etc.). A button is provided to export the chart as a PNG
image.
o The Plotly.downloadImage() method allows exporting interactive charts as
static images. This functionality can be integrated into web applications,
enabling users to download charts for offline use or inclusion in reports.
Advantages of an Exporting Framework:

1. Ease of Sharing:
o Exporting allows users to share visualizations with stakeholders, colleagues, or
clients without requiring them to interact with the original
dashboard.
2. Multiple Format Support:
 o Exporting tools often support multiple formats, making it possible to
choose the best format based on the intended use (e.g., high-
resolution for printing, CSV for analysis).

3. Collaboration and Reporting:

o Reports can be generated in PDF or Excel, containing the
visualizations
along with the underlying data, which is essential for collaborative
work or formal reporting.

4. Preserving Quality:
o Exporting frameworks allow users to control the resolution and
quality of visualizations, ensuring that they look professional and are
suitable for

publication.