Personal Computer

Taslima Akther  Mohcana Akter Munne Irin Akter  Shuborna Akter

Group No - 02
Presentation No - 01
Department of Business Administration
Bangladesh Army International University of Science & Technology
(BAIUST)
Overview of the presentation
A brief history of computer
Personal computer
Uses of PC
Components of a PC
Hardware
Software
Modem and Internet
A modern PC & operating systems
 A Brief History
First generation: (1937–1946): In 1937 the first electronic
digital computer was built by Dr. John V. Atanasoff and Clifford
Berry named Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC). In 1943 an
electronic computer name the Colossus was built for the military.

Second generation: (1947–1962): Universal Automatic

Computer (UNIVAC 1) was the first commercial computer for
public that used transistors instead of vacuum tubes which were
more reliable.

Third generation: (1963–present): Invention of integrated

circuit made the computers smaller, more powerful more reliable
and able to run many different programs at the same time. In 1981
IBM introduced the personal computer (PC) for home and office
use for the first time.

Availability of Personal Computer (PC) was after 1990.

Number of personal computers in use to reach 2 billion by 2014 Source: ITU (International
Telecommunications Union
and might reach a saturation volume of 1.3 billion equivalent to
about 1 PC for every 4 adults (15 year and older), by 2027.
 What is a PC?
 A compact computer that uses a microprocessor and
is designed for individual use, as by a person in an
office or at home or school is known as a personal
computer (PC)

 Size, capabilities, and original sales price of a PC

make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to
be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening
computer operator. Desk top
computer
computer
 A PC may be a desktop computer, a laptop, tablet PC
a handheld PC (also called palmtop) or an Apple Mac
or itouch type product.
Lap Top
Hand Held computer
 It accepts the input data processing according to their Computer

Instruction & it gives output results

 Uses of a personal computer
 Word processing programs are used to type, correct, rearrange, or delete
text in letters, memos, reports, and school assignments.
 Spreadsheet programs enable individuals to prepare tables easily. The
users of such programs establish rules for handling large groups of numbers.
 Database Management allow a computer to store large amounts of data
(information) in a systematic way.
 Communication programs connect a personal computer to other
computers. People can thereby exchange information with one another via
their personal computers.
 Entertainment: playing games, composing and hearing music
 Education: Friendly to learn a variety of subjects having an enormous
application in the field of study & research.
 News and Information: Modern aged people are updated of incidences
in the world to have a PC.
 Components of a PC
 Central processing unit: This is a Case with hardware inside:

 Power Supply - Various types of power supplies comes with the case.
 Motherboard - Core components of PC (listed below) including graphics, sound, networking are
mounted into this board.
 Microprocessor - This is the brain of your computer that performs commands and instructions and controls
the operation of the computer.
 RAM- A memory unit mounted on the motherboard and must be powered on to retain its contents.
 Drive controllers - The drive controllers control the interface of a system and control their operation of hard
drive.

 Hard disk drive(s) - Files are permanently stored inside. Also operating system is installed here.
 CD-ROM drive(s) - Read/write CD-ROM drives allow users to read from and write to these drives
using special software.
 Floppy drive(s) - A small disk storage device with about 1.4 Megabytes of memory capacity.

Monitor: A output device that show how the computer is responding to their commands.

Keyboard: This is where the user enters text commands into the computer.

Mouse: A point and click interface for entering commands which works well in graphical environments.
Short introduction to hardware
 computer case with power supply

 central processing unit (processor)

 motherboard

 memory card

 hard disk

 video card

 visual display unit (monitor)

 optical disc (usually DVD-ROM or DVD Writer)

 keyboard and pointing device (mouse)

 Major Components of a Motherboard
Microprocessor 16 Bit ISA Slots
Single integrated circuit that Allows expansion of computer
executes the majority of the through modem, sound and video
Instructions to process data. cards.
32 Bit PCI Slots
Allows expansion cards that can
transfer data faster than ISA slots.
Battery
Provides power for
the system clock.

Power Connector
Supplies power to
themotherboard.
ROM BIOS
Basic Input/Output System
stores permanent instructions
that start the computer.
Cache RAM SIMM RAM Bank
Stores and retrieves information for the Single Inline Memory Module stores
microprocessor at a faster rate than SIMM data to be used by the microprocessor.
RAM so instructions can be executed faster.
 Hard Disk Storage
Read/Write Head
Sector These read/write heads move across
The computer divides the disk into the surfaces of the platters to write
radialsections called sectors. data to the platters and read data.
Head Actuator
This component moves the collection
of read/write heads across the
surface of the platters with
extreme accuracy.

Track
Circular and concentric
Paths the read/write heads
follow when reading
Sealed Metal Housing information from the disk.
The housing protects the internal
components from dust particles that could Drive Spindle
block the gap between the read/write heads The drive spindle is connected to a motor
and the platters, causing the hard drive to which spins at several thousand revolutions
crash. per minute.
 How a Mouse Works
Perforated wheel and a photoelectric switch Two small switches in the front of the
measure the rotations the ball makes as the mouse register left and right mouse clicks.
mouse is moved, thus moving the cursor
on the screen. Optoelectronic Sensor
to take successive images
of the surface on which
the mouse operates.

A tiny camera
is used to take
1,500 pictures
every second.
A third roller is used to
Able to work
keep the ball in place as
A small and light emitting diode on almost any
the user moves the mouse.
(LED) that bounces light off that surface
surface onto a complementary metal-
oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
sensor.
 Modems & Internet for PC
A Modern PC must have a modem to access internet External Modem
The Internet is a global network connecting millions of Plugs into computer externally
computers. More than 190 countries are linked into exchanges
of data, news and opinions. Internal Modem
The Internet allows computer users to remotely access other Fits inside computer
computers and information stores easily from any access point.
Social networking websites such as Facebook, Twitter, and
Worldwide Internet users
Myspace have created new ways to socialize and interact.
 2005 2010 201
Year 4
World 7.2
6.5 6.9
billio
population billion billion
n
Not using the
84% 70% 60%
Internet
Using the
16% 30% 40%
Internet
Users in the
developing 8% 21% 32%
Modems can send data from one computer to another using world
telephone lines. Users inSource:
the International Telecommunications Union
developed 51% 67% 78%
Businesses use them to transfer files, data, and money. world
For teleconferencing modem allows people in various locations to
communicate over vast distances; these are sometimes called virtual meetings.
 Software in PC
Computer software is a general term used to describe a collection of
computer programs, procedures and documentation that perform
some tasks on a computer system
Software applications for word processing, Internet browsing,
Internet faxing, e-mail and other digital messaging, multimedia
playback, computer game play and computer programming are
common.
Some programs include:
 Microsoft Windows
 Linux
 Mac OS X
A modern PC & operating systems
A modern personal computer is run by
different types of operating system; such as
Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, etc.

Now a days a PC can be run by more

than one Operating systems.

Windows series operating system is

highly popular among the OS systems.

The personal computer have also a wide

range of other resources.

Modern personal computer often have

connection to the internet and may be
connected to a local area network either by
a cable or a wireless network. Source: Electrocomputer Ware House
Published: Jan 15, 2016
 Evolution of OS for the personal PC
GM-NAA I/O is the
first operating system
developed by Robert L.
Patrick of General
Motors for use on their
IBM 704 mainframe. It
was used on about forty
IBM 704 mainframes.

As the development of

science operating
systems became more
modern and multi task
performing.
Figure: Modification of OS by the years
Windows 7 was Source: http://internationalprogrammersday.org
released to
manufacturing on July
22, 2009 and became
 The End

Thank you